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1、1,2,汽车的四大组成部分,车身,发动机,底盘,电器系统,3,英语怎么表示？,engine,chassis,body,electrical system,图示：The basic components of an automobile,3.车 身,2.底 盘,1.发动机,4.电气系统,4,例句分析：,There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system . 中文：basic component - 基本组成； 问题：汽车共四个组成部分：_、 _、_ _
2、。,engine 发动机,chassis 底盘,body 车身,electrical system 电气系统,5,The Question (问题),Which is called the “heart” of Automobile?,be called of - (被叫做-)；,中文：哪部分被称作是汽车的心脏？,heart (心脏)；,发动机,6,Part one Automobile Engine 汽车发动机,7,一、发动机的分类,Clissified by fuel（按燃料不同分类） 汽油机和柴油机； Clissfiled by working progress（按工作行程分类） 四冲程
3、发动机和二冲程发动机； Clissfiled by cooled ways（按冷却方式分类） 水冷发动机和风冷发动机； Clissfiled by number of cylinder（按气缸数量分类） 单缸发动机和多缸发动机,8,Clissified by fuel（按燃料不同分类）,汽油发动机 gasoline engine gasoline gslin n. 汽油,点燃方式 （点燃式）,9,柴油发动机 diesel engine diesel di:zl n. 柴油 ，柴油机,点燃方式 （压燃式）,10,Clissfiled by working progress（按工作行程分类）,二冲
4、程发动机 Two stroke engine stroke strk n. 冲程，行程；,活塞反复运动一次，曲轴转动一周，两个冲程完成一个工作循环。,11,四冲程发动机 Four stroke engine stroke strk n. 冲程，行程；,活塞反复运动两次，曲轴转动两周，四个冲程完成一个工作循环。,12,四冲程发动机的四大行程,进气行程 intake stroke 排气行程 exhaust stroke 压缩行程 compression stroke 做功行程 working stroke,13,Exhaust 排放,Intake 进气,Compression 压缩,Power/w
5、orking 做功,Stroke . /struk / n. 打击；中风；笔画；冲程；尝试；轻抚,发动机的四大工作行程,14,水冷却式发动机 Water coolet engine,水箱，通过水泵作用，水通过水道流通整个汽缸体，进行降温。,Clissfiled by cooled ways（按冷却方式分类）,15,风冷却式发动机 air coolet engine,风冷，通过空气气流与风扇作用，空气/风通过发动机整个汽缸体，进行降温。,16,Clissfiled by number of cylinder（按气缸数量分类）,单缸发动机 Single cylinder engine cylind
6、er slnd n. 气缸,我只有一个气缸，一组气门；,17,多缸发动机 Multi cylinder engine cylinder slnd n. 气缸,我有多个气缸，多组气门；,18,二、发动机的基本组成,19,汽油机包含几大系统？,冷却系 cooling system 润滑系 lubrication system 起动系 starting system 点火系 ignition system 燃油供给系 fuel supply system 进气系统 intake system 排气系统 exhaust system,20,Cooling system (冷却系统),Starting
7、system (起动系统),21,Lubrication system (润滑系统),Ignition system (点火系统),22,Fuel supply system (燃油供给系统),intake system (进气系统),23,例句分析：,Engine system includes ：_、 _、_、 _. 中文：include vt.包括，包含； 译文：发动机系统包括：_、 _、_、 _。,ignition system,starting system,lubrication system,cooling system,点火系统,起动系统,润滑系统,冷却系统,24,汽油机包括哪
8、两大系统？,Crank-connecting rod mechanism,曲 柄,连杆,机构,25,配气机构,Valve mechanism,气 门,机 构,26,三、发动机的四大工作行程,Intake 进气,Compression 压缩,Exhaust 排放,Power 做功,Stroke . /struk / n. 打击；中风；笔画；冲程；尝试；轻抚,27,发动机分类,一台汽车发动机往往具有3个以上的汽缸，对于汽车发动机主要的分类方式是根据汽缸的布局及排列方式来划分。一般有直列L型、V型、W型以及水平对置B型等几种。,28,直列发动机(Line Engine),29,V型排列六缸发动机(V
9、-shape),30,W型发动机(W-shape),31,水平对置发动机(Horizontally Opposed,32,四、发动机的布置形式,发动机前置 前轮驱动,发动机前置 后轮驱动,发动机后置 后轮驱动,33,Engine is a self-contained power unit which converts heat energy of fuel into mechanical energy for moving the vehicle. All automobile engines, both gasoline and diesel, are classified as inte
10、rnal combustion engines because the combustion or burning that creates energy takes place inside the engine. In the internal combustion engine, air-fuel mixture is introduced into a closed cylinder where it is compressed and then ignited. The burning of the fuel causes a rapid rise in cylinder press
11、ure which is converted to useful mechanical energy by the piston and crankshaft （Fig.1-1）.,Text: One.The Internal Combustion Engine,34,The majority of engines in motor vehicles today are four-stroke piston engine. These four strokes are intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust str
12、oke.,35,Two. Four Strokes,1The Intake Stroke The intake stroke begins with the piston at the Top Dead Center （TDC）. The crankshaft rotates through the connecting rod, forces the piston to move downward. This downward movement of the piston creates a vacuum, a difference in pressure, in the space abo
13、ve the piston.,36,. Camshaft forces the intake valve open automatically at or slightly before the piston starts down. The air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. At the same time, the exhaust valve remains closed during this downward movement. This valve closure prevents the entering air-fuel c
14、harge from escaping through the exhaust port. After the piston reaches the Bottom Dead Center （BDC） of its first stroke, the cylinder is practically full of an air-fuel charge. The drawing of an air-fuel charge into the cylinder in this manner, during the downward movement of the piston, constitutes
15、 the intake stroke （Fig.1-2a,37,2The Compression Stroke After piston reaches the BDC, the intake valve closes and the exhaust valve remains closed. The piston is beginning to move upward again, compresses the trapped air-fuel mixture that was brought in by the intake stroke. As piston reaches the TDC again during its upward travel, the compression stroke of the piston is over（Fig.1-2b）.,38,3The Power Stroke Now, both valves remain closed during the power stroke. Before piston reaches the TDC on the compression stroke, the spark plug fires, igniting the compressed air-fuel mixt
