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1、,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词 【要点精华】 定义 名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构 等专有的名称，如 Beijing，China 等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念 的名词，如：book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一
2、般 无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。 名词复数的规则变化（情况，构成方法，读音，例词） 一般情况在名词后加-s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以s, sh, ch, x 等结尾的名词加-es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxes 以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词把变y 为i 再加es 读 /z/ baby-babies,1,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词 e.
3、 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：,2,piano-pianos,zoo-zoos；,加s，如： photo-photos radio-radios 加 es，如：potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,3). 上述a 和b 两种方法均可，如zero-zeros / zeroes。 f. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：,1). 加s，如： belief-beliefs,roof-roofs,safe-safes,gulf-gulfs,wolf-wolves,2). 去f, fe 加ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wi
4、fe-wiveslife-lives,thief-thieves,3). 上述a 和b 两种方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 3. 名词复数的不规则变化,1） child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,mouse-miceman-menwoman-women 注意：由一个词加 man 或 woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和 -women，如 an Englishman，two Englishmen。但 German 不是合成词，故复数形 式为Germans；Bowman 是
5、姓，其复数是the Bowmans。,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词 2） 单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，yuan 等。 4. 名词所有格 在英语中有些名词可以加“s”来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为 该名词的所有格，例如：Wheres Lin Taos bike?林涛的自行车在哪？ 如果原词已经有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个“ ”，例如：teachers office 老师的 办公室 如果是复数，但不带词尾-s,则仍然加“s”，例如：those mens hats 那些男士的 帽子 如果表示各自的所有关系时，名词末尾均需加“
6、s”，例如：Jims and Kates glasses 吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜 如果表示共同的所有关系时，仅在最后一词的末尾加“s”，例如：Jim and Kates kite 吉姆和凯特的风筝（两个人共同拥有的） 如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格后面常常不出现它所修 饰的名词，例如：Shall we go to Meimeis for supper?我们一起到梅梅家去吃饭， 好吗？ 没有生命的名词所有格用of，例如：This is a photo of my family. 这是我家的一 张全家福。 【实战演练场】 一. 圈出下列单词中的不可数名词,3,peachinkwat
7、erzoosistercoffeeknifesnowiceteaorangefridge jeeprainwind car,teachermusicearcolawatermeloncherry,二. 写出下列名词的复数形式,1.watch 4.dog 7.nurse,2.class 5.dish 8.desk,3.shelf 6.child 9.boy,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词,10.baby 13.sheep 16.goose,4,11.tooth 14.tomato 17.photo,12.eye 15.library 18.telephone,三. 填入所给名词的适当
8、形式 We have three (pen). This is an (apple). Where is the (pencil)? There is a little in the bottle(juice). Are you a (driver)?Yes, I am. There are a few (watch)on the desk. Many (shelf)are in our school library. He has some (ink). The (girl)in red is Mary.,Three.,10. How many (people)are there in yo
9、ur family? 四. 将下列名词按所给例词的词义属性归类,catpen,pineapplepandajacket ruler classroomlemondress,library inkeraser,ballpointpen computerroom,peach tiger deer,playground pencil-case,snake,hat shirt shorts,school trousers elephant socks,pencil banana coat wolf school building 五. 选择题,C.plates,C.flowers,()1.There
10、is on the table. A. PlateB.a plate ()2.I can see many in the garden. A.flowersB.a flower ()3.The on the hills are all white. A.sheepB.sheeps,C.doG,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词 ()4.These new are for you. A.skirtB.shoeC.shirts ()5.The clock has three A.legsB.legC.faces ()6.They are not in the same .,5,A.clas
11、s ()7.Is this your ? A.a key,B.classesC.familys B.keysC.key,()8.They are having . A.a classB.English classC.Chinese class,C.a people,C.child,C.man,C.students,C.women,()9.There are so many in the hall. A.peoplesB.people ()10.The has some nice pictures. A.boysB.teachers ()11.The_ are dancing at the pa
12、rty. A.womanB.women ()12.The are in Room408. A.studentB.a student ()13.Whos that ?Shes my mother. A.manB.woman ()14.The are catching the thief. A.policemanB.policemen,C.policemans,()15.There are new in my schoolbag.,C.knives,A.knife ()16. jacket is it? A.Whos;Toms,B.knifes May be its . B.What;Toms,C
13、.Whose;Toms,()17.The books are the . A.teachersB.teachersC.teacher ()18.There are a lot of children in the park on Day. A.childrenB.ChildrensC.Childrens ()19.Is it the twins bedroom?Yes,it is.Its bedroom. A.Ann and AnnasB.Anns and Annas C.Ann and Anna,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词 ()20.That is dog.A.TomsB.T
14、omsC.Tom ()21. coats are very pretty. A.Jim and TimsB.Jims and TimsC.Jim and Tim ()22.They are going to their home for dinner.,6,A.uncles ()23.The big room is . A.the twins ()24.March 8th is . A.Womans Day,六. 根据英语解释以及首字母写单词,comes after afternoon a small bag with money in it the hottest season the fi
15、rst day of the working week the first month of a year a room for sleeping your uncles son or daughter the sister of your father or mother the month after July,B.uncleC.uncles B.twinsC.the twins B.Womans DayC.Womens Day e w s M_ J b c a A t,2.许多绵羊 4.一杯牛奶 6.my uncles friend 8.the doors of the classroo
16、m 10.Lucy and Kates bedroom,making you very afraid; very bad 七. 英汉互译 一位美国医生 3.不同的季节 5.凯特的家庭照 7.her cats name 9.the twins mother 八. 根据中文完成句子,1. Whenyouhaveaheadache,youshouldstayinbedandtake,some (药). My hobby is collecting (邮票). Many (孩子)like watching cartoon(卡通片). Every morning we should brush (牙齿).,美奥教育小学语法技能训练 Unit1-名词 We must clean our (教师)after school. May I have another (一瓶橘汁). I like (这条连衣裙的颜色). (汤姆和安的手套)a
