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1、名词语法和练习题,定义 名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机 构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China 等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象 概念的名词，如：book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一 般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。 名词复
2、数的规则变化（情况，构成方法，读音，例词） 一般情况在名词后加-s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以s, sh, ch, x 等结尾的名词加-es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxes 以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词把变y 为i 再加es 读 /z/ baby-babies,1,e. 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：,piano-pianos,1). 加s，如： photo
3、-photos radio-radios,zoo-zoos；,2,加 es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes 上述a 和b 两种方法均可，如zero-zeros / zeroes。 f. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：,1). 加s，如： belief-beliefs,roof-roofs,safe-safes,gulf-gulfs,wolf-wolves,2). 去f, fe 加ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wiveslife-lives,thief-thieves,3). 上述a 和b
4、两种方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 3. 名词复数的不规则变化,1） child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,mouse-miceman-menwoman-women 注意：由一个词加 man 或 woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和 -women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German 不是合成词，故复 数形式为Germans；Bowman 是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2） 单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Ch
5、inese，Japanese ，yuan 等。 4. 名词所有格 在英语中有些名词可以加“s”来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称 为该名词的所有格，例如：Wheres Lin Taos bike?林涛的自行车在哪？ 如果原词已经有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个“ ”，例如：teachers office 老师 的办公室 如果是复数，但不带词尾-s,则仍然加“s”，例如：those mens hats 那些男士 的帽子 如果表示各自的所有关系时，名词末尾均需加“s”，例如：Jims and Kates glasses 吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜 如果表示共同的所有关系时，仅在最后一词的末尾加“s”，例
6、如：Jim and Kates kite 吉姆和凯特的风筝（两个人共同拥有的）,3,如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格后面常常不出现它所 修饰的名词，例如：Shall we go to Meimeis for supper?我们一起到梅梅家去吃 饭，好吗？ 没有生命的名词所有格用of，例如：This is a photo of my family. 这是我家的 一张全家福。 练习题 一. 圈出下列单词中的不可数名词,peachinkwaterzoosistercoffeeknifesnowiceteaorangefridge jeeprainwind carteachermusi
7、cear,colawatermeloncherry,二. 写出下列名词的复数形式,三. 填入所给名词的适当形式 We have three (pen). This is an (apple). Where is the (pencil)? There is a little in the bottle(juice). Are you a (driver)?Yes, I am. There are a few (watch)on the desk. Many (shelf)are in our school library. He has some (ink). The (girl)in red
8、 is Mary.,Three.,10. How many (people)are there in your family? 四. 将下列名词按所给例词的词义属性归类,schoolpineapplepandajacketpeachcatpenlibrary,trousersruler classroomlemondress shirtelephantballpointpen computer,tiger room,playgroundink deerpencil-case,hat eraser snake,shortssocks pencil banana coat wolf school
9、building 五、 选择题,()1.There is on the table. b)PlateB.a plate,C.plates,()2.I can see many in the garden. A.flowersB.a flower,C.flowers,4,C.dog,C.shirts,C.faces,()3.The on the hills are all white. A.sheepB.sheeps ()4.These new are for you. A.skirtB.shoe ()5.The clock has three A.legsB.leg ()6.They are
10、not in the same .,B.classes,C.familys,A.class ()7.Is this your ? A.a key,B.keys,C.key,C.Chinese class,C.a people,C.child,C.man,C.students,C.women,()8.They are having . A.a classB.English class ()9.There are so many in the hall. A.peoplesB.people ()10.The has some nice pictures. A.boysB.teachers ()11
11、.The are dancing at the party. A.womanB.women ()12.The are in Room408. A.studentB.a student ()13.Whos that ?Shes my mother. A.manB.woman ()14.The are catching the thief. A.policemanB.policemen,C.policemans,()15.There are new in my schoolbag.,C.knives,A.knife ()16. jacket is it? A.Whos;Toms,B.knifes
12、May be its . B.What;Toms,C.Whose;Toms,()17.The books are the . A.teachersB.teachersC.teacher ()18.There are a lot of children in the park on Day. A.childrenB.ChildrensC.Childrens ()19.Is it the twins bedroom?Yes,it is.Its bedroom. A.Ann and AnnasB.Anns and Annas C.Ann and Anna ()20.That is dog.A.Tom
13、sB.TomsC.Tom ()21. coats are very pretty. A.Jim and TimsB.Jims and TimsC.Jim and Tim ()22.They are going to their home for dinner.,A.uncles ()23.The big room is . A.the twins ()24.March 8th is . A.Womans Day,B.uncleC.uncles B.twinsC.the twins B.Womans DayC.Womens Day,5,2.许多绵羊 4.一杯牛奶 6.my uncles frie
14、nd 8.the doors of the classroom 10.Lucy and Kates bedroom,六、英汉互译。 1.一位美国医生 3.不同的季节 5.凯特的家庭照 7.her cats name 9.the twins mother 小学英语之小学英语数词练习题,()1There are days in a year Athree hundred and sixty five Bthree hundred and sixty-five Cthree hundreds and sixty fiveDthree hundreds and sixtyfive ()2Danny l
15、ives in Aroom 404BRoom 404C404 roomD404 Room,()3Jim is in Aclass one，grade six CClass One，Grade Six,Bgrade one，class six DGrade One, Class Six,()4The bike cost me yuan,Afive hundred forty Cfive hundred and forty,Bfive hundreds fourty Dfive hundred fourty,()5My telephone number is Aeighty eight two f
16、orty four zero nine eight eight two double four O nine eighty eight two forty-four zero nine eight eight two four four zero nine ()6Is there any food for us ? AtenBtenthCthe tenthDthe ten ()7Mary is girl A. an 8 year oldB8 一 yearsold Cthe 8 years oldDan 8 一yearold ()8What day is today?,AJune CIt is hot,BTuesday DIts fine,()9Whats the date today? AIts Saturday BIts July CIts fineDIts JuIy 15 ()10What time do you get up every da
