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1、Unit 6 Dont ever mark(作记号) in a book! Thousands of teachers, librarians(图书管理员) and parents have so advised. But Mortimer Adler disagrees. He thinks so long as you own the book and neednt preserve(保护) its physical appearance(外表), marking it properly will grant(承认,授予) you the ownership(所有权) of the boo
2、k in the true sense of the word(真正意义上地) and make it a part of yourself.“不要在书上做记号！”无数教师、图书管理员和家长都曾这样建议。但是莫蒂默 艾德勒并不同意。他认为只要你拥有这本书而且不需要保护它的外观，做记号将会让你真正意义上拥有这本书并且使它成为你的一部分。HOW TO MARK A BOOK怎样在书上做记号 Mortimer J. AdlerPara.1 You know you have to read between the lines(体会字里行间的言外之意) to get the most out of a
3、nything(最有效的使用,发挥最大功效). I want to persuade(说服) you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to write between the lines. Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient(有效率的) kind of reading. 你知道读书要“深入字里行间”，以求最充分的理解。我劝你在读书过程中做一件同样重要的事情。我想劝你“在字
4、里行间写字”。不这样做，你的读书就不可能是最有效的。Para.2 You shouldnt mark up a book which isnt yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them.你不应该在不是你自己的书上做记号。借给你书的图书管理员 (或你
5、的朋友) 希望你保持书的整洁，再说你也应该这样做。如果你认为我说的在书上做记号颇有益处这番话是对的话，你就得自己买书。Para.3 There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right(财产权) you establish(建立) by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture(家具). 一个人拥有书的方法有两种，第一种是花钱取得财产所有权，就像你花钱买衣服和家具一样。But this act of purchase
6、is only the prelude(序幕,前奏曲) to possession(拥有). Full ownership(所有权) comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. 但花钱买书只是占有它的前奏。只有在你将它化为你自己的一部分之后，你才完全占有了它。而把你自己变为书的一部分的最好方法就是在书中写字。 An illustration(说明,例证) may make the point cle
7、ar. You buy a beefsteak(牛排) and transfer(转移) it from the butchers(屠夫,肉铺) icebox(冰箱) to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense(在最重要的意义上) until you consume(消费,吃光) it and get it into your bloodstream(血液). I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed(吸收) in your bloodst
8、ream(血液) to do you any good. 打个比方也许可以把这一点说清楚。你买下一块牛排，把它从肉铺的冰箱里转移到你的冰箱中。但从最重要的意义上来说，你还没有占有它，除非你吃下它并将它吸收进你的血液之中。我的论点是，书的营养也只有在被吸收进你的血液中时，才能对你有所裨益。Para.4 There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets(全部标准的成套书) and best-sellers(畅销书) - unread, untouched. (This individual(个人) o
9、wns wood-pulp(木(纸)浆) and ink, not books.) 书籍拥有者可以分为三种。第一种人藏有全部标准的成套书和畅销书-既没有读过，也没有碰过。(这位占有的只是纸浆和油墨，而不是书。)The second has a great many books - a few of them read through, most of them dipped into(浏览、稍加探究), but all of them as clean and shiny(发光的,光亮的) as the day they were bought. (This person would prob
10、ably like to make books his own, but is restrained(抑制,控制,约束) by a false respect for their physical appearance.) 第二种人藏书很多-有几本从头至尾读过，大部分浅尝辄止，但全都跟新买时一样整洁光亮。（此君很可能想使书真的为其所有，但因错误地过分关注书籍的外观而裹足不前。）The third has a few books or many - every one of them dog-eared(书页卷角的) and dilapidated(破旧的), shaken and loosen
11、ed(松开的) by continual use, marked and scribbled(乱涂乱写的) in from front to back. (This man owns books.) 第三种人藏书或多或少-因不断使用，每本书都弄成书角卷起，破旧不堪，装订破损，书页松散，全书从扉页至末页画满了记号，涂满了字句。（此人是书的真正拥有者。）Para.5 Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve(保护,保存) intact(完整无损的) a beautifully printed book, an elegantly(优美地,雅致地)
12、bound(装订) edition(版本)? Of course not. Id no more scribble(乱写乱画) all over a first edition of Paradise Lost(失乐园) than Id give my baby a set of crayons(蜡笔) and an original (最初的,原著的)Rembrandt! I wouldnt mark up a painting or a statue(雕像).此句中的 no more.than.(同.一样,也不会去做;不.也不.)你或许会问，将一本印刷精美、装帧雅致的书保存完好，难道也是不
13、恰当的吗当然不是。我决不会在一本初版的失乐园上乱涂乱写，就像我不会把一幅伦勃朗的原作连同一盒蜡笔交给我的婴孩任意涂抹一样! 我决不会在一幅油画或一尊塑像上画记号。Its soul, so to speak(可以说), is inseparable(不能分离的) from its body. And the beauty of a rare(罕见的) edition or of a richly(装饰精美地) manufactured(人造的) volume(书籍的卷,册) is like that of painting or a statue. If your respect for mag
14、nificent(华丽的,宏伟的) binding(装订) or printing gets in the way(挡道、碍事), buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author. 可以说，它们的灵魂与其躯体是不可分开的。一部珍本或一本装帧华美的书的美，同一幅油画或一尊塑像的美是一样的。如果你对华美的装帧或印刷的尊重妨碍你读书，那就买一种便宜的版本，将你的敬意献给作者。Para.6 Why is marking up a book indispensable(必不可少的) to reading? First, i
15、t keeps you awake(清醒的). (And I dont mean merely conscious(有意识的,神志清醒的); I mean wide awake.) 为什么在书上做记号对阅读是必不可少的呢？首先，它会使你保持清醒。（我不是仅仅指它让你神志清醒；我的意思是它能使你全神贯注。） In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is u
16、sually the thought-through(彻底全面的思考) book. 其次，如果阅读是一种能动的行为，那么它就是思考，而思考常常需借助口头的或书面的语言来表达。作了记号的书，通常是读者认真思考过的书。Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed. Let me develop(发展,扩展) these three points. 最后，写可以帮助你记住你阅读时的思想，或作者所表达的思想。让我进一步就这三点谈一谈。Para.7 If reading is to accomplish(完成) anything more than(不只是) passing time, it must be active. 如果
