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1、,Grammar,Noun Clauses,句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 1.We often speak English in class. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 5. His wish is to become a scientist . 6.
2、 He found it important to master English.,7.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. 8.Beijing is a beautiful city with a long history. 9.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you. 10.The 29th Olympic Games was held in our capital, Beijing .,1.You know that I am a teacher of Engli
3、sh. 2. That I am a teacher of English is known to you all . 3. It is known to you all that I am a teacher of English. 4. The fact that I am a teacher of English is known to you all. 5. I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in th
4、e exam.,that I am a teacher of English,That I am a teacher of English,that I am a teacher of English,whether you can do well in the exam.,Object Clause,Subject Clause,Subject Clause,Predicative Clause,Appositive Clause,that I am a teacher of English,whether you can do well in the exam.,Object Clause
5、,Find the clauses and tell the function of them:,Subject Clause,What I am worried about,名词性从句 ：,I. 主语从句,II. 宾语从句,III. 表语从句,IV. 同位语从句,根据其语法功能，名词性从句可分为以下几种：,Subject Clause ObjectClause Predicative Clause Appositive Clause,I. What are “Subject Clauses”?,在主句中起主语作用的名词性从句称为主语从句。以下三类连接词可连接主语从句：,1. 从属连词：,th
6、at; whether; if,从属连词在从句中不作任何成分。,2. 连接代词：,连接代词在从句中起名词的作用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 who, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever,whom,连接副词：连接副词在从句中起副词的作用,作状语. when, where, how, why,The Subject Clause:,1.Whether it is true remains a problem. 2.That she was chosen made us very happy. 3.What I can do is to
7、 tell you the truth. 4.How the book will sell depends on its author. 5.Whoever told you that was lying. 6.It was obvious that the driver couldnt control his car.,Questions:,1.Can we use “if” instead of “whether”? 2. Whats the difference between “that” and “what”? 3.When the Subject Clause is too lon
8、g, what should we do? 4.Can the conjunction “that” be left out in the Subject Clause?,Tell whether the following clauses are right:,1.That she wants to know is which dress she should buy. 2.He will give up his job surprises all of us. 3. No matter who breaks the law will be punished. 4.If the meetin
9、g will be held in our school is not known yet. 5.He is said that he has accepted the invitation.,What ,That ,Whoever,Whether,It,e.g. 这项工作能否按时完成还没定呢。,Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.,It is doubtful whether the work can be completed on time.,It is doubtful if the work can be comp
10、leted on time.,注意：whether 所引导的主语从句可置于句首，而if 所引导的则不能。,2. 从属连词whether / if 引导的主语从句：,e.g. a. It is a fact (n.) that English is being accepted as an international language.,b. It is certain (adj.) that he will do well in the terminal exam.,c. It is reported (aux.be + p.p.) that China has sent another ma
11、n-made earth satellite into orbit.,d. It happened (v.i.) that I was out that day.,e. It seems (v.i.) that Alice is not coming to the party at all.,3. 关于that:,1. He pretended (that) he didnt see me. That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so worried. It is necessary that we should learn a
12、 second language. 4. It is said that he works hard at English.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. He asked me if I could go with him
13、or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether ： （1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； （3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。,e.g. a. When the new road is o
14、pen to traffic has not been made clear., It has not been made clear when the new road is open to traffic.,b. Whoever will be in charge of the project hasnt been decided yet., It hasnt been decided yet whoever will be in charge of the project.,c. What we should do next remains unknown.,What 作从句的宾语，表示
15、 疑问。,d. What he said is of great value. 表示陈述。,1. _ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 2. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever,3._team wi
16、ns on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever 4. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth. A. / B. how C. whether D. what,II. What are “Object Clauses”?,在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。可分为三类：,宾语从句：,1. 动词的宾语从句,2. 介词的宾语从句,3. 形容词的宾语从句,连接宾语从句的连接词分为：,1. 从属连词：,that; whether; if,2. 连接代词：主要有who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,
