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1、311972国际海上避碰规则 中英文对照版Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. 1972PART A GENERALRule 1Application(a) These Rules shall to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected there with navigable by sea going vessels.(b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special
2、 rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by sea- going vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.(c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation o
3、f any special rules made by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station or shapes for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additi
4、onal station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light, shape or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules.(d) Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules.(e) Whenever
5、 the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of so
6、und-signaling appliances, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound- signaling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest
7、 possible compliance with these Rules in respect of that vessel.第一条 适用范围1. 本规则适用于公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶. 2. 本规则不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、港 口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。这种特殊规定,应尽可能 符合本规则。3. 本规则不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号，或者为结对从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号, 应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或
8、信号。4. 为实施本规则，本组织可以采纳分道通航制。5. 凡经有关政府确定，某种特殊构造或用途的船舶，如不能完全遵守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性的规定时，则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则要求的规定。Rule 2Responsibility(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences
9、of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.(b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and
10、to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.第二条 责任1.本规则并不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于遵守本规则的任何疏忽，或者海员通常做法要求的或当时特殊情况要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。2.在解释和遵守本规则时，应考虑到一切航行和碰撞的危险以及包括当事船舶条件限制在内的任何特殊情况，这些危险和特
11、殊情况可能使船舶在必要时为避免紧迫危险而背离本规则。Rule 3General DefinitionsFor the purpose of these Rules, except where the context otherwise requires:(a) The word vessel includes every description of water craft, including non- displacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on
12、 water.(b) The term power- driven vessel means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used.(d) The term vessel engaged in fishing means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict maneuverability, but does not inclu
13、de a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict maneuverability.(e) The word seaplane includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water.(f) The term vessel not under command means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeu
14、vre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.(g) The term vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to
15、keep out of the way of another vessel. The term vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre shall include but not be limited to:(i) A vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline;(ii) A vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater opera
16、tions;(iii) A vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway;(iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft;(v) a vessel engaged in mine clearance operations;(vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course.(h) The term vessel co
