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1、三级语法考点归纳 一虚拟语气 1. if 句中虚拟形式 if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）： 条件从句主句 与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done 例句 If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. If they hadn t gone on vacation
2、, their house wouldn t have been broken (break) into. 2. 原形虚拟： a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。 suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire that (should) do 例如He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him. b. It
3、is (was) 形容词 /名词 that (should) do/ 例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式： 1. It s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) 动词过去时 例如It s time we left. 例如It is time we went to bed. 2 would rather/sooner 宁愿 as if/ though 好像 would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相
4、反 as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反 4练习 1. I _ try it again if I_you. A. will ；am B. should； am C. would ；were D. would ； had been 2. If it _ not for the water ， the plants _live. A. were ； would not B. is； could not C. were； could D. did； could not 3. If I _ that chance to show my ability, I _the preside
5、nt of this school. A. have not had； could not become B. had not had； would not have become C. did not have； could not become D. doesn t have； will not become 4. He _ by that burglar if you _ to save him. A. might have been killed ； hadnt come B. will be killed ； didnt come C. may be killed ； didt co
6、me D. could be killed ； havent come 5. If it _for your help ， I _that hard time with so little money. A. were not ； would not spend B. is not； can not spend C. had not been； would not have spent D. have not been； will not spend 6. Where _ you go if war _? A. will ； breaks out B. do； will break out C
7、. would ； were to break out D. will ； is to break out 7. She wishes she _ that humiliating thing. A. doesnt do B. didnt do C. havent done D. hadnt done 8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _ put off. A. can be B. be C. is D. will be 9. It is vital that he _ immediately. A. should go B. must go
8、 C. goes D. went 10. It is time we _do our homework. A. begin to B. can begin to C. began to D. will begin to 答案： 1.选 C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设 ) (译文 ; 如果我是你，我会再试一次) 2 选 A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设 )。 (译文：要是没有水， 植物就不能存活。 ) 3.选 B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。 4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。) 5. C。 与过去事实相反的假设。(译： 要没有你
9、帮忙， 我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。) 6.选 C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？) 7.选 D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。) 8. 选 B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。) 9. 选 A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is was + 形容词+ that 引导的分句 )。 10. 选 C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that). 句型。 (译文：我们该开始做作业了。) 二动词的时态 1. 各个时态动词基本变形 一般现在时 be(is,am,are) do/d
10、oes 现在进行时 be (is/am/are)+ doing 现在完成时 have/has done 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 一般过去时 was/were did 过去进行时 was/were doing 过去完成时 had done 过去完成进行时 had been doing 一般将来时 will do 将来进行时 will do 将来完成 will have done 将来完成进行时 will have been doing 一般过去将来时 would do 过去将来进行时 would be doing 过去将来完成时 would have done 过
11、去将来完成进行时 would have been doing 2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配 一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。 always ,usually, sometimes, 一般现在时do/does am is are last week, yesterday, a few days ago 一般过去时did was/ were next week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般将来时will do now, at present, at this moment 现在进行时be +doing so far, up to now, by the
12、 time, since 的主句现在完成时has/have done 3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空 1. He _ (be) eighteen next year. 2. It _ (rain) every day so far this month. 3. Mozart _ (write) more than 600 pieces of music. 4. If it _ (rain) tomorrow，well have to stay at home. 5. How fast _ he _ (drive) when the accident happened? 6. By the t
13、ime Mr. Smith left school，he _ (teach) that course for twenty-five years. 7. Perhaps he _ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow. 1. 填 will be 。 next year 为表示将来时态的时间状语 2. 填 has rained。so far 是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。 3. 填 wrote。Mozart (莫扎特 )是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。 4.填 rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的
14、事情。 5. 填 was.driving 。 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。 6. 填 had taught。句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school ，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。 7. 填 will have finished 。 句中有 by this time tomorrow ，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。 三 动词的被动语态 1. 各个时态的被动语态 时态 一般现在 时 现 在 进 行时 一般过 去时 过 去 进 行时 一 般 将 来时 过 去 将 来时 现 在 完 成时 过 去 完 成时 现 在 完 成 进 行 时 将来完成时 主动do a
15、m/is/are doing did was/ were doing will do would do has/ have done had done has/ have been doing will have done 被动 am/is/are done am/is/are being done was/ were done was/ were being done will be done would be done has/ have been done had been done will have been done 1. The construction of the library_ before the end of next month. A. must have completed B. must have been completed C. must be completed D. must complete 2. The subject of these lectures _ by the lecture committee. A. announces B. have been an
