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1、2020高考英语词汇归类复习现在高三的同学们正处在高三复习的关键时刻，每一分每一秒都非常重要，英语作为重要科目之一，那么英语词汇你掌握多少?下面是小编为大家整理的关于高考英语词汇归类复习，希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!高考英语词汇归类复习一、从用法上复习归纳词汇，过语法关英语词汇大多具有本身词义外，还有其语法功能，我们在复习时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上，而要从它们的语法功能上去把握它们。如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、搭配活跃等特点，从它们的用法上进行分类记忆。这样，既可记住词汇，又可攻克语法难关。1.宾语不同，意义也不同英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语，
2、但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主 要有：go on doing(继续干同一件事) go on to do(接着去干另一件事)stop doing sth.(停止正在干的事) stop to do sth.(停下来去干某事)regret doing(后悔干了某事) regret to do(相当于be sorry to do)forget/remember doing(忘记/记得已做过的事) forget/rem-ember to do(忘记/记得要干的事)mean doing(意味着干) mean to do(想干)try doing(尝试做) try to do(设法做)(95
3、高考)You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.Well,nowI regret_ _that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done(92高考)I usually go there by train.Why not_by boat for achange?A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going(87高考)They would not allow him_across the line.
4、 A.to risk goingB.risking going C.for risk to go D.risk going2.都可接宾语和宾补，形式却不同某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时，宾补要用不定式。如： We forbid smoking here.(宾语)We forbid you to smoke here.(宾补)You areforbidden to smoke here.(主补)3.宾语不同、语态不同，意义却相同有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接
5、不定式(要用被动形式)，可接动名词(要用主动形式表被动意义)，可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如：The room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.(85高考)This sentence needs_. A.an improvement B.improveC.improving D.improved4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有：decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,makeup one s mind,use
6、d,be about,be able,have等。如：(89高考)She pretended_me when Ipassed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组只接动名词作宾语的词和词组：mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feellike,look forward to,can t help,keep(on),miss,be usedto,excuse,be wor
7、th,imagine,put off,give up等。如：(92高考)I would appreciate_back this afternoon.A.you to call B.youcall C.your calling D.you are calling(87高考)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_.A.catching B.to becaught C.being caught D.to catch6.系动词系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有：表感观的系动词：look,sound,taste,smell,feel
8、,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语)表变化的系动词：become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run表依旧的系动词：remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold可带名词作表语的系动词：be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如：Heturned teacher.)(91高考)These oranges taste_.A.good B.well C.to be goodD.to be well7.含被动意味的动词有
9、些动词，如sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull,clean,add,cook,let(出租)等，它们的主语是事物，且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态，与行为方式状语连 用时，要用主动形式表被动意义：My pen writes smoothly.我的笔好写。Oil burns easily.油易燃烧。(88高考)That suit_over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costD.cost(97高考)Is this raincoat
10、 yours?No,mine_there behind thedoor.A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung8.具有两种形式的易混动词中学英语教材中有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式，使用或考测时极易弄混。如：hang,hanged,hanged(绞死)hang,hung,hung(挂起)light,lit,lit(点燃，作谓语)light,lighted,lighted(过去分词作形容词用时，意谓燃烧着的，作定语)drink,drank,drunk/drunken(喝，饮;过去分词作形容词同时，意谓醉的，drunk多作表语，drunke n多
11、作定语)sink,sank,sunk/sunken(下沉;过去分词sunken作形容词用时，作定语)bear,bore,born(出生)bear,bore,borne(结果;生育)The woman,who was born in 1940,hasborne five children.lie(撒谎), lied, lied, lying lie(躺，卧，位于)，lay, lain, lying(89高考)Do you know the boy_under the big tree? A.lay B.lainC.laying D.lying二、从搭配上复习归纳词汇，过习语关英语词汇的搭配十分活
12、跃，复习时我们要把重点放在某些常用的动词、名词或介词、副词。我们可按下列 方式进行对比归纳。1.常用的搭配活跃的名词: 常用的搭配较活跃的名词有：time,way,moment,means等。如time的搭配短语在中学教材中出现有：in notime(立刻,马上)，on time(按时)，in time(及时、迟早、最终)，at a time(一次)，behind thetimes(落伍)，behind time(不及时,晚点)，at one time(曾经)，for a time(一度)，at othe rtimes(其它时候，平素)，at times(有时候)，at all times(一
13、直,经常)(93高考)If you keep on,you will succeed_.A.in time B.at one timeC.on time D.at the same time(94高考)Don t all speak at once!_,please.A.Each at on time B.One byone time C.One for each time D.One at a time2.常用的搭配活跃的动词:常用的搭配活跃的动词有：look,take,make,give,get,have,go,do,turn,put,set,come等。复习时我们要尽量将具有相反意义的介
14、词、副词与同一动词的搭配罗列在一起对比记忆，如turn一词：turnon(打开)，turn off(关上)，turn up(放大音量等;出现)，turn down(放小音量等;拒绝) ，turn in(上交)，turnagainst(反对)，turn out(生产)，turn away(避开)(81高考)Would you mind_your radio a little? A.turn off B.turning offC.to turn down D.turning down(92高考)Readers can_quite well without knowing the exact mea
15、ning ofeach word. A.get over B.get out of C.get away D.get off3.常用的搭配活跃的介词、副词:搭配活跃的介词、副词有：in,out,up,down,on,off,to,from,for,over,with等。复习时，我们要从不同动词、名词等与同一介词、副词搭配进行逐一过关，如on的搭配有：on与动词的搭配: get on(上车/船等)，live on(以为生)，feed on(以为生)，take on(接受;雇用)，turnon(打开开关/电器等)，look on(旁观)，spy on(侦察/窥探)，call on(号召;拜访)，go on(继续 )，haveon(穿戴)，dependon(依靠)，wait on(侍候)，carry on(执行)，hold on(坚持)，insi st on(坚持)，playtr-icks on(戏弄)，fix on(注视)，impress on(留下印象)on与名词搭配(注意冠词的取舍):on duty(值班)，on business(因公;因事)，on fire(燃烧)，on show(展览)，ontime(准时) ，on
