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1、,DOPAMINE,Movie dopamine,Rand, Winston, and Johnson have a small tech startup company in the Bay Area thats developing a artificially-lived computer character, Koy Koy the bird, who can hear and see and interact with the user. Koy Koy gets placed in a kids schoolroom for testing, and Rand develops a
2、 relationship with one of the teachers, Sarah. Rand learns that his scientific understanding of human mating isnt necessarily a roadmap for the real thing.,Movie dopamine,dopamine,In a brain that people love to describe as “awash withchemicals,” one chemical always seems to stand out. Dopamine: the
3、molecule behind all our most sinful behaviors and secret cravings.,人们认为大脑充斥着化学物质，其中一种化学物质似乎总是脱颖而出，这就是多巴胺，我们罪恶行为和秘密欲望背后的分子。 awash w adj. covered with water 被浪冲打的；与水面齐平的；充斥的 be awash with 充斥着 sinful snfl adj. characterized by iniquity; wicked because it is believed to be a sin 有罪的,The discovery of dop
4、amine as a neurotransmitter in brain by Arid Carlsson approximately 50 years ago, and the subsequent insight provided by Paul Greengard into the cellular signalling mechanisms triggered by dopamine, gained these researchers the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2000.,neurotransmitter ,njrtrnzmt 生理 神经递质；生理
5、 神经传递素,dopamine,阿尔维德卡尔森（1923-），瑞典科学家，2000年 获得诺贝尔生理学、医学奖，他发现了多巴胺可以 作为人脑中的信号传送器，而且这种药物对于人类 控制其身体动作具有非常重要的作用。,保罗格林加德（1925-），美国生物医学家， 2000年 获得诺贝尔生理学、医学奖，其在世界上首次提出 了化学因子传导神经细胞信号,这一成果为帕金森病 的治疗与研究作出贡献。,Arvid Carlsson,Paul Greengard,Dopamineis the oneneurotransmitter that everyone seems to know about. Vaugh
6、n Bell once called it the Kim Kardashian of molecules, but I dont think thats fair to dopamine. Suffice it to say, dopamines big. And every week or so, youll see a new article come out all about dopamine.,多巴胺是一种神经递质，沃恩贝尔曾经称之为分子中的金卡戴珊,但我认为这对多巴胺是不公平的。简单的说,多巴胺的含义更广泛。每周左右,你都会看到一篇关于多巴胺的新文章出来。,Suffice it
7、to say 简单的说，可以这样说,dopamine,Its a small molecule, but extremely powerful! Never underestimate the power of nature to influence our decisions and actions. 多巴胺是个小分子，但是它是非常强大的。决不要低估了自然的力量 对我们的决定和行为的影响。,dopamine,What is dopamine? Dopamine is a chemical in your body. Dopamine is one of thechemical signals
8、that pass information from oneneuronto the next in the tiny spaces between them. When it is released from the first neuron, it floats into the space (the synapse) between the two neurons, and it bumps against receptors for it on the other side and then send a signal down the receiving neuron.,多巴胺是什么
9、?多巴胺是你身体里的一种化学物质。多巴胺是一种化学信号,通过微小的空间把信息从一个神经元传到下一个神经元。当它被第一个神经元释放出来之后,漂浮到两个神经元之间的空间(突触),在另一侧碰撞受体,然后发送一个信号给接收神经元。,dopamine,neuron njrn n. a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses 解剖 神经元，神经单位 synapse sanps n,. the junction between two neurons (axon-to-dendrite) or between a neuron and a mus
10、cle 突触,That sounds very simple, but when you scale it up from a single pair of neurons to the vast networks in your brain, it quickly becomes complex. The effects of dopamine release depend on where its coming from, where the receiving neurons are going and what type of neurons they are, what recept
11、ors are binding the dopamine (there are five known types), and what role both the releasing and receiving neurons are playing.,听起来很简单,但当你从单一的一对神经元按比例放大到大脑里的巨大网络的时候,很快就变得复杂。对多巴胺的释放的影响取决于它来自哪里,接受神经元在哪，它们是什么类型的神经元，多巴胺绑定什么样的受体(有五个已知的类型)以及释放和接收神经元都起什么作用。. scale up increase proportionally 按比例放大；按比例增加,dopa
12、mine,Dopamine is a natural stimulant. It gives you ecstasy. It gives you focused attention. It gives you motivation and goal-oriented behavior. My hypothesis, which the FMRIs support, is that dopamine is the driving force behind the energy and arousal and attention that are all a part of love. 多巴胺是一
13、种天然的兴奋剂。它让你入迷，它让你集中注意力，它能给你动力并向着目标前进。磁共振成像支持我的假设,：多巴胺是爱情中的能量、觉醒和专注背后的驱动力。 ecstasy eksts n. 1. a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion 忘形 2. a state of elated bliss入迷 3. street names for methylene dioxymeth amphetamine 狂喜,Our brain has a center of love , hypothalamus, which can secretes
14、 a variety of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, epinephrine. When a man and a woman fall in love at first sight, these love stimulants will steady stream, so we have the feeling of love and enjoy the happiness of love, sweet even dizzy which cannot extricate ourselves. The so-called Looker-on see
15、 more than player , its also the Dopamine at work. 我们的大脑中有一个爱情中心，就是下丘脑，下丘脑分泌的多种神经递质，比如多巴胺，肾上腺素。当一对男女一见钟情时，这些恋爱兴奋剂就会源源不断的分泌出来，于是我们有了爱的感觉，享受爱的幸福，甜蜜甚至眩晕，陷入其中无法自拔.所谓“当局者迷，旁观者清”，也就是“多巴胺”在发挥作用。,hypothalamus ,hap()lms n. a basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system 下丘脑 secrete skrit
16、vt. 1. generate and separate from cells or bodily fluids 分泌 secrete digestive juices 分泌消化液 2. place out of sight; keep secret 藏匿；私下侵吞； Eg: The money was secreted from his children epinephrine ,epnefrn n. a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress (trade name Adrenalin); stimulates autonomic nerve action 肾上腺素 extricate ekstrikeit vt. release from entanglement of difficulty 使解脱；解救；使游离 Eg: I cannot extricate myself from this task,Dopamine of passi
