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1、名词,Nouns,可数名词与不可数名词 名词词义辨析 (通过分析具体的语境来辨析名词的词义) 名词所有格,中考名词考查的三种形式:,名词分类,可数名词 不可数名词,单数,复数,规则变化,不规则变化,兼作可数名词与不可数名词的名词：,名词复数,规则变化 不规则变化,1.常见：manmen,toothteeth, mousemice, footfeet, childchildren; 2.单复数同形:sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese;,3.由man构成的表示某国人复数的变化形式：EnglishmanEnglishmen;FrenchmanFrenchmen;GermanGer
2、mans; 4.名词修饰名词:前面的名词是man和woman，变复数时两个名词同时变复数，a man doctortwo men doctors; 若是其它名词，变复数时只需把后面的名词变复数，a girl friendtwo girl friends。 5.由“数词+名词（+形容词）”构成的合成形容词做定语时，该名词用单数形式，如 10minute ride, fivemonthold boy.,1.一般情况+s; 2.以s,x,ch,sh结尾+es; 3.辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再+es; 4.以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为ve再加s; 5.以o结尾的除4个单词外均+s(tomato,po
3、tato,hero,negro),名词分类,可数名词 不可数名词,单数,复数,规则变化,不规则变化,无单复数的形式变化。但表示不可数名词的量时，通常要使用相应的单位词，如piece, cup, bowl等，复数形式常体现在单位词上。如two pieces of paper.,兼作可数名词与不可数名词的名词：,在句中根据语法及句意判断是可数还是不可数。 如 glass(玻璃)a glass(玻璃杯)；chicken(鸡肉)a chicken(小鸡)；orange(橙汁)an orange(橙子).,名词修饰词,修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词,基数词,不定冠词,a,an,既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可
4、数名词：,much,little,a little,one,two,three.,many,several,few,a few, a number of,some,a lot of,lots of,enough,plenty of,名词数量提问,可数名词 不可数名词,how much,how many,1. Hey, boys. Look at the falling _. Well, its telling us that autumn is coming. (2018广西玉林) A. leaf B. leafs C. leafes D. leaves 2. Wang Yaping and
5、Liu Yang are our _ in China. Were proud _ them. (2018黑龙江龙东) A. woman astronauts; of B. women astronauts; of C. women astronauts; in,3. Mom, Im back. Is there anything to eat? Sure. Some _ in the fridge. (2018四川遂宁) A. beef B. apple C. dumpling D. milk 4. Many foreigners came to our school last week,
6、including three _ and four _. (2018四川凉山) A. German, AmericanB. Germans, American C. Germans, AmericansD. German, Americans,5. What a good _ youve given me! Thanks a lot. My pleasure. (2017 山东滨州) A. informationB. news C. suggestionD. advice,6. There are a lot of _ on the grassland. _ sheep-dog is sit
7、ting next to them. (2017 甘肃兰州) A. sheep; The B. sheep; A C. sheeps; TheD. sheeps; A,7. The three _ upstairs are too small to have enough _ for a double bed. (2018广东) A. room, room B. room, rooms C. rooms, room D. rooms, rooms,8. The broken _ may cut into your hand if you touch it. You should be care
8、ful. (2016 广东) A. glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles,考点二：名词词义辨析 解题关键：通过分析具体的语境来辨析名词的词义。,1. Stephen Hawkings story gives me much _ to face all kinds of difficulties. (2018山东莱芜) A. chance B. wealth C. courage D. decision 2. Lindas performance at the art festival was a(n) _ and was loved by her teac
9、hers and classmates. (2018江苏淮安) A. success B. dream C. chance D. idea,5. Lights are out. The concert is to begin. The fans hold their breath for Jay Chous _. (2018江苏常州) A. influence B. guidance C. experience D. appearance 6. Kids often feel better in a happy family. Thats true. A happy family provid
10、es a loving _ for its children. (2018湖北荆州) A. expression B. environment C. encouragement D. development,名词所有格（s所有格和of所有格） 1.单数名词、人名、和不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格通常在词尾加s；以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格在词尾加。 2.用and连接两个并列名词，如果表示两者共同拥有，只在最后一个名词后加s即可,如This is John and Susans room；如果表示两者各自拥有，则每个名词后都加s,如They are Johns and Susans rooms。
11、 3.表示时间、距离、价格、国家等无生命的事物的名词，可在词尾加s或来构成所有格 (如todays paper, Chinas capital,two minutes walk)。 4. “of +s所有格”这种形式被称为名词的双重所有格，常用来表示整体中的一部分，如：a friend of my brothers。,1. The woman in a hat is _ aunt. (2018广西北部湾) A. Jack and John B. Jacks and John C. Jacks and JohnsD. Jack and Johns 2. We usually have a sev
12、en _ holiday every National Day. (2018辽宁盘锦) A. days B. day C. days D. days,3. How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang? Its about two _ ride by high-speed train. (2018重庆) A. hour B. hours C. hours D. hours,4. How far is your home from the train station? Its about 20 _ walk. (2017 四川凉山) A. minuteB. minutes C. minutes D. minutes,5. Are you sure this is a photo _, the famous comedy actress? It surprised you, didnt it? But she was once really thin. (2016 山东东营) A. Jia Ling B. Jia Lings C. of Jia Ling D. of Jia Lings,Thank you!,
