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1、题型四 短文填空,考情分析,从近八年陕西中考短文填空的考查情况可以看出： 1.文体及话题：文体均为记叙文，话题涉及教育故事、情感故事和爱心故事，选材贴近学生生活，对学生的成长有积极的教育意义。 2. 难易度：词数在190270词之间，生词量03个，且均在文中给出汉语注释。 3. 考查点：方框中所给词均可变形，所填单词需要变形为89个，具体如下： （1）必考点：动词【动词过去式/过去分词/现在分词、动词名词】 形容词【形容词副词、形容词比较级/最高级】 名词【名词名词复数/名词所有格、名词形容词】 （2）高频考点：代词【人称代词物主代词/反身代词/人称代词宾格】 （3）低频考点：数词【序数词基数
2、词】,考情分析,解题技巧,典例（2018陕西）短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。） Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has 61. in a park for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him 62. than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Last Tuesday afternoon, while he was 63. the park, suddenly, h
3、e heard a woman crying for help. He ran up 64. to see what happened. The womans 15-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of pear and her face 65. purple. The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didnt know how to,save her daughter properly. Luckily, W
4、ang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his 66. without thinking twice. With the mothers help, Wang Ping held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby began to cry. Her mom was so
5、 thankful because her daughter was 67. . Wang Ping tried his best and saved the 68. life. In his mind, helping others is just helping 69. . He hoped more people could 70. to help the people in need if possible.,解题技巧,一、浏览所给词，分析又联系。 浏览方框中所给的10个词，明确其词性、词义，尤其要知道其可能的变形。 （1）动词：考虑其时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词（动词不定式、现在
6、分词、过去分词）、情态动词。 （2）名词：考虑名词单复数、名词所有格及词形转换。 （3）形容词和副词：考虑形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。 （4）代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词之间的转换。,歌诀助记 空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记，还有s不能弃； 动词注意要变化，形副注意用三级； 要填数词请留意，千万莫忘基和序； 填入代词需谨慎，五格变化需谨记。,解题技巧,解题技巧,二、明大意，词汇初选定。 注意根据固定搭配、习惯用法及句子大意，初步选定能衔接前后文的词汇。 61.Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has 61. in a park for 5 years. （王平是个清
7、洁工，他在公园里工作五年了。选work） 62.Nothing can make him 62. than playing with his little daughter in his free time.（没有什么能比在空闲时间和他的小女儿玩更让他开心。选happy） 63.while he was 63. the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. （当他正在打扫公园时，他突然听到一个妇女在呼救。选clean） 64.He ran up 64. to see what happened.（他迅速地跑过去看发生了什么事。选qu
8、ick）,解题技巧,65. her face 65. purple. （她的脸变成了紫色。选turn） 66.He took the baby in his 66. without thinking twice.（他毫不犹豫地把孩子抱在怀里。选arm） 67.Her mom was so thankful because her daughter was 67. .（她的妈妈非常感激，因为她的女儿被救了。选save） 68.Wang Ping tried his best and saved the 68. life.（王平尽自己最大的努力挽救了婴儿的生命。选baby） 69.In his m
9、ind, helping others is just helping 69. .（在他看来，帮助别人就是帮助他自己。选he） 70. He hoped more people could 70. to help the people in need if possible.（他希望更多的人尽可能自愿去帮助需要帮助的人。选volunteer）,解题技巧,三、析成分，填正确词形。 根据语法知识，通过分析所缺成分，判断所需词性，结合上下文意思，选定正确词形，填入空白。 61.空前有助动词has，空后有for 5 years，空白处是谓语动词，应用现在完成时，故填worked。 62.空白处在句中作
10、宾语补足语，空后有than，空白处应用形容词比较级，故填happier。 63.空前有助动词was，空后有名词park作宾语，故空白处应填cleaning，构成过去进行时。 64.分析句子，空白处缺状语修饰ran up，故填quickly。,解题技巧,65.分析句子结构，空前是名词作主语，空后purple(紫色的）作表语，缺系动词，应选turn，根据上下文时态应用一般过去时，故填turned。 66.这里考查固定短语take sb in ones arms（把某人抱在某人的怀里）。故填arms。 67.分析句子结构可知，空白处为谓语动词，孩子是被救的对象，应用被动语态，故填saved。 68.分析句子结构，life前缺定语，故填babys。 69.分析句子结构，help后缺宾语，根据句意应填himself。 70.could后应为动词原形，结合句意，填volunteer。 四、复读全文核答案，确保无误。 复读全文，确保语意恰当、逻辑连贯，单词拼写正确、大小写正确。,解题技巧,
