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1、 高三语法复习第9讲：非谓语动词I、重点难点解析非谓语动词的高考命题导向：非谓语动词是高考的重点，考查立意较低，主要考查非谓语动词的一般用法和含义，但是题目的设计注重了情景化，结构较为复杂。一、非谓语动词的分类、构成及功能一览表非谓语形式构成特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构不定式to do, to be doing, to have doneto be done,to have been done在不定式to, 动名词及分词前+not/neverfor sb. to do sth.具有名词、副词和形容词的作用，在句中作主语、定语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补（在let, make, see, fe
2、el, notice等动词后做宾补时不带to）分词现在分词doing, having donebeing done,having been done具有副词、形容词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、状语、宾补（常用在see, find, feel, get, have等动词之后）过去分词done动名词doing being donesbs doing具有名词的作用，在句中作主语、定语、表语、宾语。二、现在分词和过去分词的用法对比 分类项目现在分词v-ing过去分词v-ed例句意义表示主动意义表示被动意义1. I can hear him singing the song.2. I can hear
3、the song sung in English.动作所表示的动作一般在进行中所表示的动作多已完成China is a developing country, while America is a developed one.语义某物“令人”人“感到”It is an exciting match, so we are excited.第 1 页 共 5 页三、作宾语的非谓语动词比较情况常用动词只接不定式作宾语的动词hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford,
4、determine, promise, happen只接动名词作宾语的动词或短语mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practice, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, considercant help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of
5、, take pride in, set about, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to, adapt to两者都可以意义基本相同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue （接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为）need, want, require （接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式）need doing = need to be done 意义相
6、反stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事stop doing 停止正在做的事意义不同remember/forget/regret to do （指动作尚未发生）remember/forget/regret doing（指动作已经发生）go on to do （接着做另外一件事）go on doing （接着做同一件事）try to do （设法，努力去做，）try doing（试试做，）mean to do（打算做，企图做）mean doing（意思是，意味着）cant help doing（忍不住要做）四、 非谓语动词作宾语补足语的区别类别常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句不定式
7、ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage主谓关系。强调动作将发生(to do )或已经完成(to have done)1) I expect them to win the game.2) I heard him call me several times.have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make现在分词notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel（即：感官动词和使役动词）主谓关系。强调动作正在进行，尚未完成I fo
8、und her listening to the radio.过去分词动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调状态We found the village greatly changed.II、实战演练一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. 1) _ to the left, and youll see the bus stop.2) _ to the left, youll see the bus stop. (turn)2.1) _ many times, he still couldnt understand the question.2) _ me the bad news, he went out
9、of the room sadly. (tell)3.1) Nothing could make us _ up the hope.2) Tom made a candle _ light. (give)4.1) I want _ your bag.2) Your eyes need _.3) I want my eyes _ this afternoon.(examine)5.1) Whats the way Smith thought of _ enough money to buy the new house?2) Im thinking of _ Tom to repair my bi
10、ke. (get)6.1) We dont allow _ in the office because of the public health.2) We dont allow anyone _ in the office because of the public health. (smoke)7.1) My little brother enjoys nothing but _ to music.2) My little brother does nothing all day but _ to music.3) My little brother had no choice but _
11、 to me. ( listen)8.1) The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself _ . (hear)2) The teacher raised his voice in order to make his students _ what he said. 3) The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.9.1) The problem is worth _ again. 2) The problem is worthy _
12、again. 3) The problem is worthy of _. (discuss)10.1) It passes right through their bodies, only _ (get) a little thicker and sweeter . 2) He worked harder only _ (fail) again. 11.1) No one can stop us _ questions.2) We stopped _ a schoolboy the way to the teachers office. (ask)12.1) _ with so much t
13、rouble, we failed to complete the task on time.2) Nearly every great building in Beijing was built _ south. (face)13.1) The parents meeting _ next Saturday is very important.2) The 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing was a great success.3) The parents meeting _ in our school now is important.(hold)14.1) _ this cake, you need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour.2) _ the cake, she got down to cooking some milk. 3) I lost my way in complete darkness and, _ matters worse, it began to rain. (make)15.1) I knew I would be busy today, so I had my paper _ last n
