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1、同位语从句精讲,同位语,定义： 一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词(或起类似作用的其他形式)，对前者进一步说明，这一部分就叫作同位语。,Mr. Robeson, our head teacher, is from Canada. They each put forward a proposal. You may leave it to us two. Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished? The current fair, the biggest in its history, is being held in a big city.
2、The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. The report that he was going to resign was false.,代词,名词,不定式,形容词,动名词,什么成分可以做同位语语：,数词,从句,同位语从句,定义： 在主从复合句中，在句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词具体内容的从句叫同位语从句。 The report that he was going to resign was false.,同位语从句在主从复合句中作某一名词的同位语，也就是说同位语从句说明被修饰名词的具体内
3、容。,同位语从句,能跟同位语从句的名词： fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词。,同位语从句的引导词,连接词： that，whether 引导的同位语从句,连接词,that（不能省略） The news that our team has won the match is true. 我们队获胜的消息是真实的。 whether There is some doubt
4、 whether John will come on time. 有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。,连接代词：what, who, whom, whose 等引导的同位语从句,which 也可引导同位语从句，但很少,连接代词,who The question who should clean the room has been solved. 谁该打扫房间的问题已经解决了。 what I have no idea what he is up to now. 我不知道他现在干什么。,连接代词,whom The problem whom he would take the place of was d
5、iscussed in the meeting over and over again. 他将代替谁这个问题在会议上被反复讨论。 whose I have no idea whose watch it is. 我不知道这是谁的手表。,连接副词：when(ever), where(ver), how, why， 引导的同位语从句,连接副词,They have no idea when I will go back. 他们不知道我什么时候回去。 I have no idea where he has gone. 我不知道他去了哪里。 I have no idea why he gave up. 我
6、不知道他为什么放弃了。 I have no impression how he went home. 他是怎样回家的，我没有印象。,1同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在名词suggestion, order, demand, command, request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should) do”的形式。 The order that all the soldiers (should) set off at once was given by the general. 所有士兵立刻动身出发的命令是由将军下达的。 The suggestion that everyone (s
7、hould) make efforts to beautify our campus is necessary. 每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是必要的。,注意,2doubt与同位语从句 名词doubt(怀疑)用于肯定句中，其后面的同位语从句用whether引导； no doubt (毫无疑问)用于否定句中，其后面的同位语从句用that引导。 There is no doubt that he will come. 毫无疑问他会来的。(no doubt表示肯定概念) We have some doubt whether he can win the first place in the com
8、petition. 我们怀疑他能否在比赛中获得第一名。(some doubt表示不确定的概念).,注意,3分隔式同位语从句 有时同位语从句与其所解释说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。 A saying goes that where there is life, there is hope. 谚语说：留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 (that引导的同位语从句，说明saying的内容),注意,相同点： 同位语从句： 在主从复合句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语，是对名词的内容进行说明的从句。 The news that our te
9、am has won the match is true. （说明名词news） 定语从句： 在主从复合句中作某一名词或代词的定语，是修饰名词、对名词进行修饰和限定的从句。 The news that he told me is true.（修饰名词news） 二者都是放在名词后对名词进行修饰的从句,3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别辨析,同位语从句： 对所修饰的名词的内容进行说明的从句。 The news that our team has won the match is true. （从句说明名词news的内容）,3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别辨析,定语从句： 修饰名词、对名词进行修饰和
10、限定的从句。 The news that he told me is true. （限定名词news，是他告诉我的消息，不是别的消息）,不同点1：功能不同,不同点2：that用法不同,3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别辨析,定语从句： that做关系代词，指带先行词，在从句中充当主宾表，作宾语有时可省略 The news that he told me is true. （that在从句中指代先行词the news,充当told 的直接宾语）,同位语从句： that做连接词，不做成分，没有含义，只连接主从句，不可省略。 The news that our team has won the mat
11、ch is true. （that未充当成分）,不同点3：引导词,3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别辨析,定语从句： whether,how,what不能作为定语从句的引导词,同位语从句： 可以使用whether,how,what作为同位语从句的引导词 There is some doubt whether John will come on time.,总结,判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句 I have no idea when they will come to Shanghai？ The information that you got yesterday is very useful. The information that you gave me yesterday is very useful. We all have those unforgettable days when we together had a meaningful time.,同位语从句,定语从句,定语从句,定语从句,
