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1、 定语从句学案之关系代词引导的定语从句一.定义在复合句中作定语的句子叫做定语从句( Attributive Clause) 二定语从句的三步法：1. 找准先行词 2.确定先行词的作用 3.正确选择关系词 （一）.先行词先行词指的是被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、从句。练一练1.There are still two other sharks which are fierce。2.who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English?3.He was late again, which made my teacher angry. 4.Now Irene
2、 Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, which she opened with her late husband Les.(2019年全国2) （二）确定先行词的作用 先行词在从句中的所起作用即是定语从句 所缺句子成分 三关系代词的用法1. who 和whom(that) （1）关系代词who/that指人，在从句中多作主语。 关系代词whom/thatt指人，在从句中作宾语，可以省略。 The girl _I saw is called Mary.The person to_ you ju
3、st talked is Mr.Depp. 答案：who/whom/that /不填 ; whom2）宜用who 不用that的情况 1.先行词是one，ones和anyone时，宜用who. 2.先行词是those时，宜用who. One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。 Anyone _laughs last laughs best.笑到最后的人是笑得最好的人。 The ones _flatter me dont please me.那些奉承我的人并不能取悦我。 答案：wh
4、o;who2.关系代词whose的用法 关系代词 whose指人或物，在从句中作定 语。指物相当于 the +n of which ，指人时相 当于the +n+ of whom. Workers built shelters for survivors _homes had been destroyed.The tourist want to book a room _window faces south.We went to see our teacher ,_husband lost his leg in the earthquake. whose ;whose ;whose用whose
5、,who , whom 填空 1.I live next door to a couple_children often make a lot of noise. 2.the boy _was in the office yesterday is my brother.3. Desperate for money, she called her sister, _she hadnt spoken to in 20 years. 4.You are the only one _advice he might listen to .5. This house _windows face the s
6、treet is my uncles.6.I will talk to the students _homework hasnt been done.7.Her son, _she was so devoted to, went abroad ten years ago. 答案：whose; 2. who/that 3. who/whom 4.whose 5. whose 6. whose 7. who/whom3.关系代词which的用法 关系代词 which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 The shop_sells all kinds of sports shoes ha
7、s closed down. The book _he wrote in 1935 still sells well. which/ that ;which/that /不填4.关系代词that的用法关系代词that指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 Is she the girl _sells newspapers? They planted some trees _didnt need much water.who; which5.在限定定语从句中只用that不用which的情况 (1)当先行词为不定代词 anything，something， everything，not
8、hing,all，much，little等时，(2)当先行词由形容词最高级、序数词 修饰时， (3)当先行词有the only， the very，the last, little, all， every，any, few, no等修饰时，(4)当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词多用that. This is the best way that has been used against pollution.All that glitters is not gold.Australia is the only country that is also a continent.1We havent
9、 got much_ _ we can offer you.2 All_ you need is to work hard.3The best_I could do was to apologize. 1. that ;that ; that 三.介词加关系代词的定语从句关系代词的选用 先行词指人 先行词指物 介词的选用 一先，根据先行词的搭配关系来确定介词的选择。 I never forget the day _which I came to this university. 二动，根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系来选择。 This is the watch _ which I spe
10、nt 9000 yuan. 三意义，根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。 That is my pair of glasses , _which I cannot see clearly. 介词加关系代词的定语从句考点考点一介词+which 有时可以与相应的关系副词互换。 1.介词+which 有时可以与相应的关系副词互换。 Is this the school in which=where you studied 10 years ago.Ill never forget the day on which=_I first met her.when2.介词后置，关系代词可省略。 This is t
11、he book (which)Im most interested in.考点二：way (方式)为先行词，且关系词在从句中做状语时，定语从句的引导词用in which， that 或者不填1.I dont like the way (in which /that/ 不填)you talked to me.2.Science and technology have made major changes to the way _we live. 3.I dont know the way _you told me. 2. in which/ that / 不填 3. that /wich/不填考
12、点三：表示整体或部分的词语+of +关系代词 表示整体或部分的词语常见的有： 1）不定代词all,both,none, neither, either,some ,any2）数词（基数词及序数词） 3)the +最高级/比较级， 4）表示数目或数量的词many,most,few,several,enough, half,a quarter等 Eg:1.Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of _wanted to buy it.2.Their use was limited by laws , the fi
13、rst of _ dates back to the fourteenth century.3.He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of_were published in the 1990s 1.whom 2. which 3.whichhomework（1）1It is the first fiction film _ I have ever seen.2.This is the very room _I slept in that evening.3. The only thing _we can do is to give you so
14、me money.4. The bike and its rider _had run over an old man were taken to the police station. 1. that ;that ;that ; that ;homework（2）1.He often recalled the day _which he went to college.2.A path, on both sides of _grass grows, leads to the forest. 3.He holds the opinion_which I disagree.4.Thats a mystery _which all the scientists are curious. 5.The pen is an important tool _ which we write.6.He spent four years at college, during _time he mastered English well. 1. on 2. which 3. with 4. about
