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1、 专题十七 主谓一致I、重点难点解析主谓一致的高考命题导向考点主要分布在：语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。一 主谓一致原则一览表原则 概念 例句语法一致原则指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式Steve Ember is a good playerChildren like toys.意义一致原则指主语形式上为单数但表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数但表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式My family a
2、re having lunch nowNews is travelling fast nowadays就近一致原则谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语There is a knife and two forks on the deskEither you or he is to go二 概念归纳：1. 表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。 Two hours is quite enough.2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。1) 表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(the Times)、国名(the Uni
3、ted States)或组织名称(the United Nations)及news单数2) 单复同形的名词，如：means, works等。 Every means has been tried./ All means have been tried.3) the Olympic Games复数3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：1) people, police, cattle等名词复数2) clothing, furniture, equipment等名词单数3) family, class, government等名词表示整体时单数，表单位成员时复数。4. a num
4、ber of/a variety of复数名词，the形容词指“一类人”时作主语，谓语用复数the number of/the variety of复数名词，the形容词指抽象的“事物”时，谓语用单数如：The beautiful is loved by all.（表抽象的概念）5. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式，但名词有each, every, no修饰时,谓语动词用单数。 Walking and riding are good exercises. Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday. 注意：当and连接的两个
5、单数名词在意义上指的是同一人，物或概念时，仍用单数。 The teacher and writer is popular with his students.(区别：The teacher and the writer are)6. 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。 What we need is time./ What we need are books.7. 主语后接with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, rather than, i
6、n addition to等短语时，谓语根据主语用单复数。8. 在“one of复数名词who/that”引导的定语从句中的动词用复数，但当one之前有等the (only/very)修饰语时，从句中的动词则用单数。 This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning. This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning.9. glasses, shoes, trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/kind/type/box o
7、f等量词修饰时，谓语根据量词的单复数而定。10. 由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/ half of/the rest of/most of+名词/代词或分数/百分数名词”作主语时，谓语视其所接的名词决定单复数。 Three-fifths of the books are intended for the poor students. The rest of the money belongs to you.11. 由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等连接的名词/代词作主语及there be结构，谓语与靠近的主语一致。
8、 Not only we but also the teacher likes listening to MP4. There is a book and two pens on the desk.12. 不定代词(all指人除外)，many a 名词单数, more than one作主语时,谓语用单数。 All has been finished./ All are late for the meeting.II、实战演练一 用BE动词或所给动词的正确形式填空1.The United States of America _ one of the most developed countri
9、es in the world.2. Every means _ tried, but in vain.3. Not only my sister but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.4. Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit.5. I, who _ your teacher, will try my best to help you out.6. “All _ present and all _ going on well,” the cha
10、irman said.7. The old _ taken good care of in our country.8. An iron and steel works, with some other factories _ to be built here.9. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons yesterday.10. I as well as they _ ready to help you.11. What we need _ enoug
11、h water, but what they need _ houses.12. Her family _ larger than mine and her family _watching TV now.13. There _ a big table and six chairs in the dinning room.14. The rest of food _ (leave) for the rest of the students who _ (have) gone to the library.15. We need one of the students who _ at the
12、meeting. He is the only one of the students who _ (speak) English fluently.16. Many a students in our class _ pop music while many students in their class _ (like) classic music.17. Each of them _ Chinese food . They each _(enjoy) Chinese food.18. The worker and writer referred to _ (go) to write a
13、comedy.19. This kind of cartoons _ well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind _ (sell) badly.20. No boy and no girl _(prevent) by the heavy rain from taking part in the activity.二1. Two hours_(is,are)not long enough for this test.2. One and a half apples_(is,are)left on the table.3. One and a
14、 half days_(is,are)all I can spare.4. There_(is,are)two pairs of glasses on the table.5. Traffic police_(is,are)always very busy.6. The English_(likes,like)to be with their family at Christmas.7. His family_(is,are)all very well.8. About twenty percent of the students in our class_(is,are)girls.9. All_(is,are)here.Lets start our meeting.10 .What the children want_(is,are)storybooks.11. This is the one of the books on the subject that_(has,have)ever been written in Chinese.12. Brea
