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1、. . . . . . 特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意一、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。如：Whose bike is this？Does anybody know？ Does anybody know whose bike this is？二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。如：When the train will arrive？He asked me He asked me when the train would arrive三、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为述句语序。如：Which one do you like best？She asked
2、meShe asked me which one I liked best【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是 dodoes did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。如：Who can answer the question？The teacher askedThe teacher asked who could answer the question五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如：I d
3、ont know when we shall start tomorrowDo you know when we shall start tomorrow？ 宾语从句中连词专练请补上下列各题宾语从句中所缺的连词（引导词）。1They said _ they would all leave if John stayed2I wonder _ we can meet when I am in Beijing3She asked _ or not she could work in Xinjiang4The teacher didnt know _ broke the window5Mr Green
4、 went out to see _ was happening6Please tell me _ your father is7I really dont know _ I should do with these letters8Did you ask him _ we would leave？9Do you know _ the lady lives？10Can you tell us _ you are late for class？11Could you tell us _ I can get to the zoo？12Jenny wondered _ wallet it was13
5、I cant decide _ coat I should choose14They asked me _ the book cost15Could you tell me _ students there are in your class？（Keys：1that 2ifwhether 3whether 4who 57what 8when 9where 10why 11how 12whose 13which 14how much 15how many） 宾语从句与中考试题在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是初中英语中最重要的一种从句，它容完整，句型结构较为复杂，主句和从句时态搭配
6、要求严格，在中考试题中频频出现。而且学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。学习宾语从句并不难，只要你能过好下面的三道关：第一关，选好连接词（也有人叫关联词）。引导宾语从句的连接词，课本上写有三类，但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。1连词that：只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如：1）He knew（that）he should work hard2）I am glad（that）youve passed the exam2连词whether或if：它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”
7、解，口语中多用if。例如：3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？（注：2002市徐汇区中考试题填上答案后的句子。以下再有这种例句，都为2002年中考题，只写某地。）4）Tom didnt know ifwhether his grandpa liked the present作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大，同学们不易掌握。在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如：5）He asked me whether or not I was coming他问我是否要来。（该句
8、中的whether不能换成if，因为if不能与or连用。）3连接代词who，whom ，whose，what， which：它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。例如：6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（市）（which引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰class，意为“哪个”。）7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）4连接副词when，where， why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。例如：8）I wond
9、er where he got so much money对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。（where在从句中作地点状语，修饰got，意为“哪里；什么地方”。）9）He didnt tell me how old his friend was（省）（how引导宾语从句，作程度状语，修饰old，意为“怎样；如何”等意。）第二关，牢记宾语从句的语序是述句语序，即“连接词主语谓语其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。例如：10）You must remember what your teacher said（省）11）Dad，do you know wh
10、en the football game will start？ In half an hour（市）12）汉译英：你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？误：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构主语前加了个助动词do。因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就顺口说出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Pa
11、ris？”这种错误句子来。但是一旦我们注意了，我们不久就习惯于说“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。第三关，注意时态的呼应。宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如：13）汉译英：我原以为你今天有空的。误：I thought（that）you are free today正：I thought（that）you would be free today错句中宾语从句用are很可能是因为有 today，但因为主句谓语是thought，所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时would be了。这种
12、时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。例如：14）He thought he was working for the people15）I heard she had been to the Great W all16）John hoped that he would find a job soon但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等，则不变化：17）The teacher told us t
13、hat the earth moves around the sun巩固与检测请做下列2002年中考题：1In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book（市东城区） Athat Bhow Cwhat Dif2I dont know _ MrGreen will come to see us He will help us with our English（市） Awhy Bwhen Chow Dwhere3We never know _ the old m a
14、n is They say he is a teacher（市） Awhat Bwho Cwhich Dwhere4I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers（市） Athat how Bhow that Cwhen that Dthat when5Do you know _ ？Im going to see him Sorry，I dont know（市海淀区） Awhere does MrLi live Bwhere did MrLi live Cwhere MrLi lives Dwhere MrLi lived6W here do you think _
