《2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练第5讲 动词时态和语态教案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练第5讲 动词时态和语态教案（17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、动词时态时态：包含两个方面的含义，即“时”和“态”。“时”是指：动作发生的时间。在英语中，有四种不同的“时”“态”是指：动作完成的程度。在英语中，也有四种不同的“态” 上述的四“时”四“态”的不同组合，就构成了16种不同的时态。如下表所示：态时 一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时过去将来一般过去将来时过去将来进行时将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时总结：在谈到“时”的时候，关心的是这个动作发生的时间，即是现在、过去、将来还是过去将来。在谈到“态”的时候，我们应关心的是
2、这个动作是固定不变的还是动态变化的，这个动作是完成了的还是在延续的，这个动作持续的时间是很短还是很长。虽然英语中，总共包含16种时态，但并不是每个时态高考都会考的，在上述表格当中，标注颜色的部分，属于高考大纲要求的，其中标注绿色的部分属于考试的重点，需要着重学习。 接下来咱们就开始时态的学习。一、一般现在时1. 结构：do/does 被动结构：am/is/are done2. 本质特征：表示该动作或状态的发生不限于某个特定的时间，包括现在、过去和将来；而并非表示“现在正在发生”的动作或状态。3. 一般现在时用法及考试题型 （不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用） 1）本质用法：表示客观事实或客观真
3、理例：1. The sun rises in the east. 2. Light travels more quickly than sound. 3.Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is calledC. had been called D. has been called答案：B表示习惯性或经常性的动作例：1. You always help others. 2. The bab
4、y is generally healthy, but every now and then he _a cold. A. has caught B. is catching C. will catch D. does catch答案：D表示目前的一种状态例：1. I am an English teacher. 2. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 答案：D2）其他用法：用一般现在时
5、表示将来发生的动作。表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作例：1. The plane _at 7:00 pm, so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest. A. has left B. would leave C. will have left D. leaves答案：D2. He leaves tonight.注：在这种用法中，谓语动词一般为瞬间动词，如go/come/leave/start/move/take off等。在时间或条件状语从句中，要要一般现在时代替一般将来时例：1. He wont visit the muse
6、um if it rains tomorrow. 2. You must tell him the news as soon as you see him.3. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you _ to me. A. are writing B. will write C. has writtenD. write答案：D二、一般过去时1.结构：did 被动结构：was/were done2.涵义： 1）本质用法：表示表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态例：1. In 1492, Columbus _on one of the Baham
7、a Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India. A. lands B. landed C. has landed D. had landed2. This coastal area _a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 答案：BA注：一般过去时常见的时间状语：yesterday，last night, in 1990, two days ago, since+ did等。表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作或状态例：
8、1. My father often went to work by bus last year. 2. He _ football regularly for many years when he was young.A. was playingB. playedC. has playedD. had played答案：B2）口语中用法一般过去时用于口语当中时，表示刚才这样，而现在已经不这样的含义例：1. Oh, its you! I _you. .Ive just had my hair cut, and Im wearing new glasses.A. didnt recognize
9、B. hadnt recognized C. havent recognized D. dont recognize2. You havent said a word about my new coat, do you like it?.Im sorry I _anything about it. I certainly think its pretty on you.A. wasnt saying B. dont say C. wont say D. didnt say答案：AD 在口语中，一般过去时（也可用过去进行时）还可以表示委婉语气，但并不是指该动作发生在过去，而是发生在现在。例：1.
10、 I wondered if you could help me. 2. I was wondering if you could lend me your car for this evening.3）其他用法: 在时间、条件状语从句中要用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例：Helen _her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home.A. has left; comes B. left; had comeC. had left; came D. had left; would come答案: C3. 随堂练习1.
11、Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya?Who _ it?A. writesB. has writtenC. wroteD. had written2.He _ football regularly for many years when he was young.A. was playingB. playedC. has playedD. had played3. More than a dozen students in that school _ around to study medicine last year.A. sent B.
12、were sent C. had sent D. had been sent4.Ann is in hospital.Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her.A. didnt; am going to B. dont; wouldC. dont; will D. didnt; will5. Ive got to go now. Must you? I _ you could stay for dinner with us. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking答案：CBBDB三、一般将
13、来时1. 结构: will do 被动结构：will be done例. Tom will come back next month. 2. 涵义: 从现在来看，将来会发生的动作或存在的状态例. I will go to visit him next week. 3.一般将来时常考点常考点1: 含有明确的表示将来的时间状语例1. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _ visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 例2. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scientists. A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made答案：AD常考点2: 从现主将例3. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ their sales by 20 percent. A. will increaseB. have been increasing C. have increased
