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1、暑期原汁原味赏析报刊特训专辑day5：Scientific American：Natures Goods and Services Get Priced经济衡量新指标（GEP）关注经济的可持续发展课前导读： 在发展经济的过程中，我们无意识地破坏了自然的某些部分，那是一些对人类的福祉也很重要的部分。明尼苏达大学环境经济学家斯蒂芬.波拉斯基和他的同事们创造了一种新的测量方法：生态系统生产总值（GEP）。Gross domestic product, the GDP, is a simple way to describe the health of big, complicated economi
2、es. And for the last century, the goal of many countries has been to make their GDP go up.But concentrating only on GDP has had some downsides. “”In growing the economy, we have, as an unintended consequence, destroyed parts of nature, which are also important for our well-being. said Stephen Polask
3、y, an environmental economist at the University of Minnesota. He and his colleagues have created a new measurement: the gross ecosystem product, or GEP.So that we actually have metrics that say how are we doing on ecosystems management, managing natureand not just for natures sake but how is that co
4、ming back and influencing our own well-being?So really, GEP is trying to say, What is the contribution of nature to the economy? So in a parallel way to what GDP does in measuring economic performance.Evaluating up the economic value of timber and fisheries is fairly straightforward. But other benef
5、its of a healthy environment can be less obvious.Insects pollinate crops. Intact rivers improve water quality and buffer downstream cities from floods. Thriving ecosystems draw tourists, who spend money.And part of the issue here is that it is difficult to price some of these things.Some people even
6、 say, Well, they are priceless. Unfortunately, what it means inZero value in the GDP but not in the GEP.For example, Polasky and his colleagues calculated the figure for Qinghai, a province in western China. They found that the gross ecosystem product exceeded GDP in the year 2000 and equaled three
7、quarters of GDP in 2015.Over that period, GEP rose by 127 percent, thanks to major restoration efforts and the increasing value of water. The results are in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. The researchers focused on Qinghai because its one of several provinces where the Chinese g
8、overnment is experimenting with using GEP as part of its formal decision-making process. For instance, GEP can help officials weigh the pros and cons of potential projects like dams. Or it can be used to show whether local leaders are taking care of the environment and not just expanding the economy
9、.GEP could also serve as the basis for programs that pay residents to be good stewards of natural resources that benefit themselves and others.In Qinghai, such a program could work for waterthe province is where the Yellow, Yangtze and Mekong rivers originate, and their waters sustain cities and far
10、ms across Asia.Polasky says their work is just a first step, and he expects GEP to be refined over time. But he says we have to start somewhere.If we are actually going to have a sustainable civilization, then we have to pay attention to, kind of, the infrastructure, basicallythe essential things th
11、at nature does for usand not continue to just take them for granted.基础知识板块：长句子析练破1. So that we actually have metrics that say how are we doing on ecosystems management, managing natureand not just for natures sake but how is that coming back and influencing our own well-being?【翻译】：因此，我们实际上有了衡量指标，_，而
12、是这对我们自己的福祉有何影响？【剖析】：本句的主句部分：_.本句的枝叶：that say how are we doing on ecosystems management, managing natureand not just for natures sake but how is that coming back and influencing our own well-being为_修饰_.其中not.but._;破折号进一步解释：how are we doing on ecosystems management, managing nature.2. The researchers
13、focused on Qinghai because its one of several provinces where the Chinese government is experimenting with using GEP as part of its formal decision-making process.【翻译】：研究人员把重点放在青海省，_。【剖析】：本句为because引导的主从复合句。主句：_.本句的枝叶1：because its one of several provinces where the Chinese government is experimentin
14、g with using GEP as part of its formal decision-making process.为_从句。本句的枝叶2：_为定语从句修饰先行词：provinces。3.If we are actually going to have a sustainable civilization, then we have to pay attention to, kind of, the infrastructure, basicallythe essential things that nature does for usand not continue to just take them for granted.【翻译】：如果我们真的要有_，那么我们就必须关注，_，基础设施，基本上是大自然为我们做的最基本的事，_。【剖析】：本句为if引导的_句主句：we have to pay attention to the infrastructure and _.本句的枝叶1：If we are actually going to have a sustainable civilization,为_
