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1、1 译林版七年级译林版七年级 starter 各单元重点语法讲解各单元重点语法讲解 第一课时：名词单复数讲解及练习第一课时：名词单复数讲解及练习 一、名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。一、名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。 问：可数名词的单数前什么时候用问：可数名词的单数前什么时候用 a，什么时候用，什么时候用 an？ 答：答：以元音音标（或音素）开头的用 an。 以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用 a。 注意：我们看的是音标（或音素），而不是元音字母。 练习 选择 a 或 an 或不填（用/表示） 1. pen 2. _ ba
2、g 3. apple 4. big apple 5. banana 6. orange 7. oranges 8. orange pen 二、可数名词从单数变成复数，变形规则如下：、可数名词从单数变成复数，变形规则如下： 单数形式读音单数变复数（例词） 一般名词后 +s 在清辅音后读s在浊 辅音后和元音后发z stamp-_ boy-_ boat-_ book-_ 在以 s,x,ch,sh 等结尾的词+es 读作izbus-_, box-_ watch-_ class-_ 以辅音字母+o 结 尾的多数加 es 读ztomato-_hero(英雄)_ potato-_ 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名
3、词大多数 变 f 或 fe 为-ves -vesvzknife-_ leaf-_ wife-_ life-_ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾时 变 y 为 i 在加 es,如果 y 前 为元音字母时直接加 s -iesizfactory-_ baby-_ library-_ city-_ boy-_ 不规则名词复数：不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman（男警察）（男警察）-policemen, policewoman （女警察）（女警察） -policewomen, mouse-mice， child（孩子）（孩子） -childrenfoot-feet,.
4、tooth-teeth,fish-fish, sheep（羊）（羊）-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当当 people 后加上后加上 s 时即时即 peoples 表示表示“民族民族”例如：例如：There are 56 peoples in China. 中国有中国有 56 个民族。个民族。 三、以下词为常为不可数名词。三、以下词为常为不可数名词。 Water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) rice(米饭) orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包） Exercise 一、写出下列各词的复
5、数 I _this _that_watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ thief _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ 二、翻译词组及完成句子。 1、18 张课桌_ 2、13 张图画_ 3、15 块橡皮_ 4、20 个学生_ 5、3 座教学楼_ 6、两座图书馆_ 7、一个餐厅_ 8、4 间阅览室_ 9、7 个铅笔盒_ 10、-How many _(篮球场)are there in your school? -There are two_(篮球场)and a_(足球场
6、)in it. 11、There isnt a(图书馆)_but there are some_(电脑室). 12、-Are there any (美术教室) _in your school? -Yes,there is an _(美术教室) 注意注意 be 动词遇到名词时的运用动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用单数名词用 is, 复数名词全用复数名词全用 are. 2 第二课时：人称代词主格及其形容词性物主代词第二课时：人称代词主格及其形容词性物主代词 单数复数 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二人 称 第三 人称 我你他她它我们你们他(她)们 主格 形容词性物主 代
7、词 myyourhisheritsouryourtheir 名词性物主代 词 mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs 汉语我的你的他的她的它的 我们的 你们的他（她 一、用适当的人称代词填空： 1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. ( she ) 2. China is a developing country. _is in the east of Asia. ( its ) 3. What day is _ today? _ is Thursday. (its) 5. I own a blue bike. The red one
8、 isnt _. ( I ) 6. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expensive.( them ) 7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _? ( them ) 8. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. _ brother lives with _ and helps _ with_ lessons. ( she ) 9. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at Engliush . ( h
9、is ) 10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ ? ( she ) 11. Whats the weather like today ? _ is cloudy. ( its ) 二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空 1. I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of _ ? ( you ) 2. George has lost _ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if（是否）she will lend him _ . ( she ) 3.
10、 Jack has a dog and so have I. _ ( he ) dog and _ ( I ) had a fight (打架). 4. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ ( he ) 5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us. ( they ) 6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ . (we ) 三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代
11、词填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom cant get down from the tree. Can you help _(he，him，his
12、)? 6. We cant find our bikes.Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)? 5. These are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine). 3 B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词 1. This isnt_knife. _ is green. ( she ) 2. These are your books，Kate. Put _ in the desk，please. (they ) 3. _ must look after _ things. ( you ) 4. Wei F
13、ang，is that _ ruler? Yes，its.( you ) 5. They want a football. Give _ the green one，please. ( they) 6. Its Lin Taos bag. Give it to _. ( he ) 7. Is this pencil-box Li Leis? No，_ is very new. ( he ) 8. This box is too heavy. I cant carry _. ( it ) Dont worry，Let _( I ) help _. ( you) 9. _ is a boy _ n
14、ame is Mike. Mikes friends like _ very much. ( he ) 10. My sister is in _ room. _ is a teacher. ( she ) 11. Jane is a little girl. _ mother is a nurse. ( she ) 12. We are in _ classroom. _ classroom is big. ( we) 13. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy ( them) 14. You are a pupil. Is _ brother a pupil, too? ( you ) 四、用括号中的适当形式填空 （1）Are these _（you）pencils?Yes, they are _
