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1、2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷)(时间：120分钟满分：150分)本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。第卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)(见专题十四)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleas
2、ed to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge.The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture，write a
3、n article，take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.To enter the challenge，all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival，MIT Museum，265 Mass Avenue，Cambridge 02139 by Friday，February 8th.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are
4、selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday，April 21st.Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students.Winning entries will be published in a book.Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given.Families of those who take part will be include
5、d in the celebration and brunch will be served.Between March 10th and March 15th，each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration.The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http：/cambridgesciencefestival.org.21Who can
6、take part in the Curiosity Challenge?ASchool students.BCambridge locals.CCSF winners.DMIT artists.22When will the prizegiving ceremony be held?AOn February 8th.BOn March 10th.COn March 15th.DOn April 21st.23What type of writing is this text?AAn exhibition guide.BAn art show review.CAn announcement.D
7、An official report.BPassenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were
8、 more than 3 billion passenger pigeonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about
9、515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoingWhere the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an everlasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited
10、 until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans need for wood，which
11、 scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again.In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizab
12、le flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under human care.The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1
13、，1914.24In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons _Awere the biggest bird in the world Blived mainly in the south of AmericaCdid great harm to the natural environmentDwere the largest bird population in the US25The underlined word“undoing”probably refers to the pigeons _Aescape BruinCli
14、beration Devolution26What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?ATo seek pleasure. BTo save other birds.CTo make money. DTo protect crops.27What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?AIt was ignored by the public.BIt was declared too late.CIt was unfair.DIt was strict.CA t
15、ypical lion tamer (驯兽师) in peoples mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention，but its mostly for show.In reality，its the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lions face，the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion？How
