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1、,人 称 代 词,主格（做主语）：I am his cousin. 我是他的 堂/表兄弟。 （I）,做宾语：Those peole dont trust me. 那些人不信任我。 (me) 做表语：“Whos knocking at the door?”“ Its me.” “谁在敲门？” “是我。”(me),代词,物 主 代 词,形容词性 做定语：My father is a poet. 我父亲是诗人。 (My),做主语：This car is Toms. Mine is over there. 这车是汤姆的，我的在那边。 (Mine) 做宾语：Hes a friend of mine. 他
2、是我的一个朋友。 (mine) 做表语：I thought that book was mime. 我原以为那本书是我的。(mine),代词,反 身 代 词,动词宾语：He devoted himself to writing. 他致力于写作。 (反指he) 介词宾语：She must be proud of herself. 她一定为自己感到自豪。 （反指she）,主语同位语：I myself will present the prizes. 我将亲自去颁奖。 (强调I) 宾语同位语：I saw the lady herself. 我见过那个女士本人。(强调 the lady),习语 by
3、oneself 独自，独立地：She lives by herself. 她独居。 (与she一致),代词,不 定 代 词,泛指：another(另一个人或物；只接单数名词)， others(别人，别物) 特指：the other (两者中的另一个)，the others(其余的人或物),one.the other .(两者中)一个.另一个. some.the others. (多者中)一些.其余的. some.some.others.一些.一些.另一些.,“两者”或“多者” both, all(都)；either， any(任一)； neither, none (都不),代词,不 定 代 词
4、,She kept some money in her desk drawer.她在书桌的抽屉里放了一些钱。,望得到肯定回答：Can you give me some advice?你可以给我一些建议吗？ 邀请: Would you like some cake or biscuit?你要吃点蛋糕还是饼干? 建议：How about having some coffee?喝点咖啡怎么样? 反问：Arent there some stamps in that drawer?那抽屉里不是有几枚邮票吗?,肯 定 句,一些 some,代词,不 定 代 词,否定句：I suddenly realized
5、 Id come out without any money.我突然意识到，我一点钱没带就出来了。,条件句：Give me some if there are any. 如果有的话，给我一些。,疑问句：Is there any advantage in getting their early?早到那里有什么好处吗?,一些 any,if/whether从句：I wonder whether there is any difficulty.我不清楚是否有困难。,任何，任一（可用于肯定句）：He can repair any cars.他可以修理任何汽车。,代词,不 定 代 词,修饰或代替可数名词：
6、few, a few, many 修饰或代替不可数名词：little, a little; much,替代词 it, that, those, the one,由some-, any-, every-, no-与 -one, -body, -thing 构成,复合不定代词,代词,其 他 代 词,疑问代词：what, which, who, whom, whose Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机？,相互代词：each other, one another learn from each other; help one another,指示代词：thi
7、s, that, these, those, such, so Such is the situation we are facing.这就是我们所面临的情况。,连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, what (详见名词性从句),关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that (详见定语从句),代词,形式主语：Its no use shouting.喊叫是没有用的。 形式宾语：I find it hard to concentrate.我觉得很难集中注意力。 强调结构：It is Mr Li who often encourages me.是李老师经
8、常鼓励我。 时间：Its three years since I last saw her. 我三年没有见到她了。 距离：Its 10 miles from here to my office. 这里离我办公室有10英里。 环境：Its quiet in the classroom.教室里很安静。,代词,It 的 用 法,代词,It 的 用 法,天气：It is raining.在下雨。 刚提到的事物（它）：Wheres your car? Its in the garage.你的车在哪里？在车库。 婴儿或动物：What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy?多漂亮的孩子
9、啊！是男孩吗？ 确认身份：Who is it that has come? Its Tom. 是谁来了？汤姆。 代前面整句：Youve saved my life; Ill never forget it.你救了我的命，我是不会忘记的。,语法填空,1. (2018全国卷)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _ a try.,作间接宾语，作宾语用代词，代替前文的running
10、，用it。当然直接填running也可以。,it/running,2. (2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _ (they) alive.,作动词find的宾语要用宾格，故填them。,them,3. (2017全国卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _ every day.
11、,it,作using的宾语，用宾格人称代词；指代前文中的the railway，用it。,4. (2016全国卷) On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother.,在名词mother前作定语，用形容词性物主代词its，指前文中提到的“那个活跃的三个月大的双胞胎的”母亲。,its,5. (2015全国卷)A few hours earlier, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _(it) choking smog
12、.,在名词短语choking smog (令人窒息的烟雾)前作定语，用形容词性物主代词its，指“香港的”令人窒息的烟雾。,its,6. (2016四川卷)By that time, the panda no longer needed _ (it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. 在名词mother前作定语，用形容词性物主代词its，指“the panda的”母亲。 7. (2014全国卷)“Did anyone lose a suitcase at
13、the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! Its _ (I). ” 句中It可能是替代my suitcase，意为“那是我的箱子”，故填mine；也可能是代替anyone,意为“丢东西的人是我”，故填me。,mine/me,its,考情：自2014年以来16套高考题中，语法填空共考了7题，属于常考考点。 语法填空中，5题给了提示词；3题是给出it，要求考生填入its；1题是给出I，要求考生填mine/me；2题是纯空格题，要求考生填it。,解法： 1. 在语法填空的纯空格中，如果空格处是句子的主语和宾语，一定是填代词。因为做主语
14、或宾语的典型词类就是名词和代词，而在纯空格中是不要求考生根据上下文推断来填名词的，所以只能是填代词；然后根据句意弄清指代对象，指代对象在上下文(主要是上文)中找，找到后填入空格看句意是否通顺；最后根据指代内容是人还是物，是男还是女，是单数还是复数等，填入一个适当的代词。,2. 如果语法填空中给出了代词的基本形式，要根据要填的词在句中的作用来判断填哪种形式。做定语用形容词性物主代词，做主语用人称代词主格，做宾语和表语用宾格；同时注意，名词性物主代词也可做主语、宾语和表语，但意思不同，它相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。,语法填空,1. (2019新疆乌鲁木齐一诊) A theme park in
15、 Francehas trained six rooks (白嘴鸦) to pick up rubbish The birds pick up the litter and put it in a trash can. This gives the crows food as a reward. The more litter the birds put in the trash, the more food _ get.,人称代词,句意: 鸟儿捡的垃圾越多, 它们得到的食物就越多。此处指代the birds并在句中作主语, 故填they。,they,2. (2019东北三省四市一模)What
16、s more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed trains are also less affected by weather than planes. Seldom are _ delayed or cancelled for weather condition. 分析句子结构可知，本句缺乏主语，由前文内容可知，此处指代高铁，故用代词they。,they,3. (2020广东中山期末) It would appear that the physical act of smiling makes our brain think we are happyeven if we are not and just like that, it brings about a physiological response that makes
