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1、专题04 Global warming全球变暖可能会使人类变矮Global warming could make humans shorter, warn scientists who claim to have found evidence that it caused the worlds first horses to shrunk nearly 50 million years ago.In fact, a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says it has found a link between the ea
2、rth heating up and the size of mammalshorses, in this case, the last time the world heated up. The scientists used fossils to follow the evolution of horses from their earliest appearance 56 million years ago.As temperatures went up their size went down, and vice versa; at one point they were as sma
3、ll as a house cat, said Dr. Jonathan Bloch, curator of the Florida museum of natural history, was quoted by the daily mail as saying. The scientists say that the current warming could have the same effect on mammalsand could even make humans smaller.Horses started out small, about the size of a smal
4、l dog like a miniature schnauzer. whats surprising is that after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then dramatically increased in size, and that exactly corresponds to the global warming event, followed by cooling. It had been known that mammals were small during that time and t
5、hat it was warm, but we hadnt understood that temperature specifically was driving the evolution of body size, Dr. Bloch said in the Science journal.科学家警告说，全球变暖可能会使人类变矮。科学家宣称已经找到证据：近5000万年前全球变暖就曾让世界上最早的马个头变小。事实上，来自佛罗里达州和内布拉斯加州的大学的一支研究团队称，他们已经找到地球变暖和哺乳动物个头之间的联系。这一案例中马变矮的现象是上一次全球变暖时发生的。科学家用化石来追溯马从5600
6、万年前诞生至今的进化历程。随着气温的上升，马的个头变小，反之马的个头就变大。每日邮报援引佛罗里达自然历史博物馆馆长乔纳森布洛赫博士的话说，它们曾一度像家猫那么小。科学家称，当前的全球变暖可能也会对哺乳动物产生同样的影响，甚至可能会让人类的个子也变小。布洛赫博士在科学杂志中写道：马最初的个头很小，和一只小狗的个头差不多，大约也就像一只迷你型雪纳瑞犬那么大。令人惊讶的是，在马诞生后过了一段时间，它们的个子变得更小，之后个头又显著变大，而这些变化与全球变暖和变冷正好是相对应的。我们已经知道哺乳动物在那个时期个头较小，而那个时期气候也较暖，但我们还未意识到正是温度驱动着身体大小的进化。地球再变暖或使蜥
7、蜴进化成恐龙Global warming 300 million years ago triggered the evolutionary burst which caused lizards to evolve into dinosaurs, scientists revealed today. The new research is focused on the carboniferous period, when the supercontinent of Pangea was covered in tropical rainforests ruled by reptiles. Scie
8、ntists now believe that the earth became significantly hotter during this age turning rainforests intoislandssurrounded by arid deserts. This climatic change caused lizards to adapt to live in drier conditions and led to the evolution of different varieties of dinosaurs.这是一个信息大爆炸的时代，也是一个生活大爆炸的时代，但谁也
9、没想过，早已远去的时代未来会在亿万年后又重新回归。伦敦大学的科学家通过研究发现，30亿年前的一波全球变暖让当时的蜥蜴进化成了恐龙，这一推断让人不禁想到30亿年后的今天，全球气候变暖重演，蜥蜴是否会再次进化成恐龙。在30亿年前的石炭纪时代，大陆被热带雨林覆盖，并由爬行动物所统治。科学家分析，若变暖趋势加剧，蜥蜴会调整自身以适应干燥气候，再次进化成不同种类的恐龙。Dr. Howard Falcon-lang of royal Holloway, university of London, who carried out the research, revealed this global warm
10、ing indirectly caused the evolution of mammals. he said, we now know that this climate change caused the rainforests to fragment into small islands of forest. This change isolated populations of reptiles and caused each community to evolve in a different direction leading to an increase in diversity
11、.伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院的科学家指出，全球变暖将首先作用于哺乳类动物，推进它们的进化。博士Dr. Howard Falcon-lang说：我们了解到气候变暖加剧后，会使得大片的热带雨林碎成小的森林岛，而群居的蜥蜴一旦被强行分开就会成为一个个小群体，随之，每个群体之间开始向不同方向进化，最终差异促进进化成功。而蜥蜴进化的最终结果有可能成为恐龙。We have discovered for the first time how this evolution occurred after analysing hundreds of fossils from around the globe. Thi
12、s initial burst of global warming significantly affected the evolution of the world and led reptiles to evolve into dinosaurs, birds and mammals.据悉，科学家大胆推断出这一结论是通过搜集并研究全球各地的化石而得到的，他们认定，第一波的全球变暖的确影响了生物的进化过程。I. 阅读理解A体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文尽管清洁能源在如今的生活中被越来越多地使用,全球变暖仍将在未来的几十年中继续。面对这个问题,人们想出了不同的创造性的方法来适应它。6897分钟
13、Old Problem, New Approaches（2017江苏卷）While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life, global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I wil
14、l stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at l
15、east, the US National Climate Assessment says that: There is no one-size fits all adaptation. Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damagi
16、ng in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接) to replace flooded
