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1、Section Grammar 复习被动语态()语法图解探究发现用所给词的适当形式填空1Larry persuaded his wife that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to_be_harmed (harm)2Claire thought it was ridiculous to_be_offered (offer) sympathy by a robot.3How awful (it is) to_be_discovered (discover) by her.4By that time, Tony expected the hous
2、e to_be completely transformed (transform)我的发现以上各句皆用了不定式的一般式的被动语态。不定式一般式的被动语态的基本结构为：to_be_done。一、被动语态的用法下面几种情况一般用被动语态1不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。The meeting has been put off.会议已被推迟了。2强调动作的承受者时。This poem was written byWhitman. 这首诗是惠特曼写的。3出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。Everyoneis expected to obey the following rules.希望大家遵守以下规
3、定。即时演练1补全句子I was_offered_a_chance by my leader.领导给了我一次机会。My suggestion was_turned_down.我的建议被拒绝了。Everyone is_expected_to_attend the meeting on time.希望所有的人都按时参加会议。二、各种时态的被动语态项目一般时态进行时态完成时态现在am/is/are doneam/is/are being donehas/have been done过去was/were donewas/were being donehad been done将来shall/will
4、be done无shall/will have been doneYou are invited to make a speech in our school.邀请您去我们学校作一个演讲。The glass was brokenby Leech.玻璃被李奇打碎了。The meeting will be held at 8：00 am. tomorrow.会议将于明天上午8点举行。The planis being carried out successfully.这项计划正在被顺利地实施。Her carwas being washed at that time.那时她的车正在被清洗。All th
5、e work has been finished by now.到现在为止所有的工作都已经做完了。They had been warned many times before they carried out the plan.在执行计划之前，他们已经被警告过多次了。The work will have been finished by the end of next month.到下个月末，这项工作将要被完成。即时演练2用所给词的正确时态语态填空(2016北京高考改编)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their
6、 efforts will_be_rewarded (reward) with success in the end.(2013辽宁高考改编)We are confident that the environment will_be_improved (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.(2012北京高考改编)Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes, fortunately no one was_hurt (hurt)(2012安徽高考改编)After school
7、we went to the readingroom to do some reading, only to be told that it was_being_decorated (decorate)三、各种时态的被动语态中的特殊情况1否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctors degree.听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极点。2主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补
8、足语)。Wesaw him sitting there without doing anything.He was seen sittingthere without doing anything.我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。His words made me throw up.I was made to throw upby his words.他的话令我作呕。名师点津在主动语态中，make, hear, see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。3带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)
9、宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。My father is telling me an interesting story now.An interesting story is being told to meby my father now.Im being told an interesting story by my father now.爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。4短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。The old man was often laughed at.那位老人经常受人嘲笑。即时演练3将下列各句改为被动语态We sa
10、w a stranger enter the building just now. A_stranger_was_seen_to_enter_the_building_just_now.My uncle gave me a present the other day. A_present_was_given_to_me_the_other_day_by_my_uncle.The bad weather made me decide to stay here for another day. I_was_made_to_decide_to_stay_here_for_another_day_(b
11、y_the_bad_weather)四、动词不定式的被动语态动词不定式的被动语态由“to be及物动词的过去分词”构成，当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有一般式和完成式。I am very happy to be thus praised.受到如此褒奖我非常高兴。The room seemsto have been broken into.似乎有人闯进过这间房子。即时演练4补全句子The boy was pleased to_be_taken_to the zoo. 男孩很高兴被带去动物园。The jewel seemed to
12、_have_been_stolen by someone. 珠宝似乎被某人偷走了。五、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况1动词不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的被动关系，且与句中另一名词或代词有逻辑上的主动关系时。The poor old man only has a very small room to live in.那位可怜的老人只有一间很小的房子住。2动词不定式跟在性质形容词后，与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。These apples are good to eat.这些苹果很好吃。3某些动词(如blame,let等)的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表被动意义。The h
13、ouse is to let.此房出租。4动词不定式与疑问词连用时。Tom had no idea which book to read first.汤姆不知道应该先读哪本书。即时演练5用所给词的适当形式填空The driver is to_blame (blame) for the accident happening just now. We must decide which tool to_use (use). The chair is comfortable to_sit (sit) in. .用所给词的适当形式填空1We all thought it a great honour
14、to_have_been_invited (invite) to the party.2Whether the wounded man can survive tonight or not remains to_be_observed (observe)3I dont think the sentence is easy to_understand (understand)4The play to_be_produced (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.5I need at least five sta
15、mps before my collection is_completed (complete)6This cheese doesnt_cut (not cut) easily. Its too soft.7It is the first time that he has_been_bitten (bite) by a dog.8The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow, when a snowstorm is_expected (expect) to strike our area.9When they got home they found that their house had_been_broken_into (break into) and a lot of valuable things stolen.10Hi, Li Ping, can I use y
