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1、Module 4 Carnival Section Grammar-复习被动语态语法图解探究发现Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes.They were put into prison because they had broken the law.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.I think the problem can be solved soon.Englis
2、h lessons are being broadcast on the radio.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.He said all the task had been finished by last week.This kind of clothes washes easily and sells well.我的发现(1)找出句中的被动语态结构are_bookedwere_put_into_prisonis_celebratedcan_be_solvedare_being_broadcastwill_be_senthad_been_finished(
3、2)以上句子中，句是用主动形式表示被动意义。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，即动作的对象。一般来说，只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态，不及物动词(短语)没有被动语态。一、使用被动语态的情况Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class.怀特老师，那个装有混合液的杯子课后被打破了。The novel was written by a high school student.这部小说是由一个高中生写的。巧学助记谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。二、各种时态的被动语态形式时
4、态名称被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词过去将来时wouldbe过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebeing过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词即时演练1用所给动词的被动语态形式填空More students will_be_admitted (admit) to this university next year.A new road is_being_built (build) and is expected
5、to open next month.(2015福建高考改编)To my delight, I was_chosen (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.This kind of chocolate has_been_made (make) several times so far.He said the work would_be_finished (finish) in half an hour.When I got there the work had_been_done (do)三、被动
6、语态的特殊形式1含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为“情态动词be过去分词”。She should be taught how to operate the computer.应该教给她如何操作电脑。2“get动词的过去分词”是被动语态的变形，强调结果。The boy got hurt when he was riding to school.那个男孩子骑车上学时受伤了。3动词不定式的被动语态The book is said to be published soon.据说这本书很快就会出版。He seemed to have been told the bad news.看起来已有人告诉过他这个坏消
7、息了。即时演练2完成句子All the letters should_be_answered immediately.所有信件均应立刻回复。The operation must_be_done at once.必须马上做手术。Nobody got_hurt/injured in the accident.没有人在这次事故中受伤。The computer seems to_have_been_used already. Can you give me a new one?这台电脑好像已经被用过。你能给我一台新的吗？四、主动形式表达被动意义1动词look, sound, feel, smell,
8、taste, seem, turn, fall, grow, keep, go, stay作系动词时，后跟名词或形容词作表语，表示主语的特点，此时用主动形式表达被动意义。The building looks very beautiful.这栋建筑看上去很美。2表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin, finish, open, stop, move等，用主动形式表达被动意义。The shop opens at 8：00 in the morning every day.商店每天上午八点开始营业。3表示主语属性、特性的动词，如read, write, sell, wash, lock等，用主动
9、形式表达被动意义。The new book of Guo Jingming sells well.郭敬明的新书卖得很好。4be worth 后跟动名词形式，用主动形式表达被动含义；need, want, require 等词表示“需要”，且物作主语时，后接 doing, 用主动形式表达被动含义，相当于 to be done。The movie is worth seeing.这部影片值得一看。The rumour needs clarifying/to be clarified.谣言需要澄清。5be to blame 或 be to let 也是主动形式表示被动意义。 He is to bla
10、me for the broken window.因为打破了窗户他应该受到责备。6在“be形容词to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动形式表示被动意义；动词不定式在名词后作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系，且和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。This kind of water isnt fit to drink.这种水不适合饮用。Ill give you something to read.我将给你一些东西读。即时演练3(1)用所给词的适当形式填空I have a lot of readings to_complete (complete) bef
11、ore the end of this term.In many peoples opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to_deal (deal) with.With so much work to_do (do), I have no time to go to the cinema.The problem is worth discussing (discuss) again.The soup tastes (taste) a little sour and a little sweet.(2)完成句子Th
12、at driver was_to_blame for the accident.那位司机应对此事故负责。The house needs repairing/to_be_repaired.这座房子需要修理。He isnt easy to_get_along_with.他不易相处。The cloth washes_easily.这布很好洗。The material feels_very_soft.这种材料摸起来很软。五、主动语态变成被动语态1将主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语，谓语动词变为“be及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态，其后可接by介词短语，by后面是动作的发出者(
13、有时by短语可以省略)。The teacher asked him to answer the question.老师让他回答问题。(变成被动语态)He was asked to answer the question by the teacher.2被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是在第一个助动词后加not；特殊疑问句的语序为“疑问词一般疑问句”。Where did they grow vegetables?他们在哪儿种菜？(变成被动语态)Where were vegetables grown by them?3含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：一是将间接宾
14、语(人)变为主语，直接宾语(物)保持不变；二是将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。He told us a story.他给我们讲了一个故事。(变成被动语态)We were told a story by him. A story was told to us by him.Her mother bought her a computer.她妈妈给她买了一台电脑。(变成被动语态)A computer was bought for her by her mother. She was bought a computer by her mother.4若主动语态中的谓语是动词短语，
15、在变为被动语态时，要将动词短语视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。She will take good care of the children.她将会照顾好这些孩子。(变成被动语态)The children will be taken good care of by her.即时演练4将下列句子改为被动句The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.The_foreign_guests_were_given_a_warm_welcome_by_the_children.The news of his sudden success shocked us all.We_were_all_shocked_by_the_news_of_his_sudden_success.We exp
