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1、Grammar 同位语从句,本节课的主要任务,什么是名词性从句？名词性从句有哪几种？你能举出一些例子吗？ 什么是同位语从句？如何正确使用同位语从句的引导词？ 同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别是什么?该如何区分呢?,什么是名词性从句？ 名词性从句有哪几种？ 你能举出一些例子吗？,在句子中起名词作用的句子 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,名词性从句：,His job is important.,What he does is important.,主语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,表语,名词性从句在句中可以担任： 主语、
2、宾语、表语、同位语， 因此，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，分为：,宾语从句 Object Clause,表语从句 Predicative,主语从句 Subject Clasuse,同位语从句 Appositive Clause,名词性从句 Noun Clause,从句一律保持陈述语序。,主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,What kind of noun clauses are they?,What it was to become was a mystery. (主语从句） 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. (宾语从句
3、） 3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. （表语从句） 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people. （同位语从句）,名 词 性 从 句,什么是同位语从句？ 如何正确使用同位语从句的引导词？,Mr. Liu, our Chinese teacher, is a charming gentleman.,The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.,同位语（app
4、ositive ）,同位语从句 （appositive clause）,Lead-in,同位语： 对句子某一成分作进一步解释、说明，而在语法上和这一成分处于同等地位的句子成分。 I, the youngest son in the family, am often taken good care of. 同位语：_,the youngest son in the family,1. Tom, our monitor, is a kind boy. 2. I myself will do the homework. 3. He told me the news that the plane ha
5、d exploded. 4. I have no idea when he will come back home.,观察并思考划线部分与其前面的词是什么关系？,同在主语位置上,同位语：代词,同位语：从句,同位语：从句,同位语：名词,同在主语位置上,同在宾语位置上,同在宾语位置上,【归纳】I.概述,一般的，_ 成分是对其前面的名词或代词进行_和 _ 。而在语法上和这一成分处于同等地位的句子成分。 我们把对前面的_ 名词进行解释、_ 的从句称为_ 从句 。,同位语,解释,说明,抽象,说明,1. The news that we won the game is exciting 2. The fa
6、ct that you havent enough time to do the work is unbelievable. 3. He must answer the question whether he agrees or not. 4. Word came that we will break up next week.,news,fact,question,Word,你能找出划线的同位语从句所解释的名词吗？,fact_/ idea_ /reason _ /thought_ /doubt_/news_/hope_/belief_/message_/decision _/ warning
7、_/ information_,事实,想法,理由,想法,疑惑,新闻,希望,信念,消息,决定,警告,信息,【归纳】II. 同位语从句前常跟以下抽象名词:,【归纳】that不充当成分,只起连接作用,不能省略, 他告诉我一个消息,他马上要出国(go abroad)。 He told me the news _ _,that the prices of houses will go down.,III. 如何选择连接词？, 毫无疑问，房价将会下降(go down)。 There is no doubt _ _,that he would go aboard soon.,【思考】that在从句中是否充当
8、成分？能否省略？,1.连接词that引导的同位语从句,that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.,He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.,他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国.,There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.,注:只用whether引导,不用if.,他必须回答他是否同意.,He must answer the question _ he agrees to it or not.,【归纳】whether表示“是否”，不可省略,whet
9、her,1.(谁会出国)这个问题还未决定.,The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.,2.我不知道(该选哪个). I have no idea _ one I should choose.,which,who,(定语),(主语),【归纳】连接词代词what/which/who/ whose在从句中充当成分，缺什么补什么。,连接词副词when/where/why/how 引导的同位语从句,1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早. Ive got an idea _ they left so early. 2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿.
10、 The question _ we should go has not been decided.,why,where,Are you clear now?OK . Lets do some exercise!,Ex: that, what, when, how, whether, which,1. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth working. 2. I have no impression _ he went back home, perhaps by bike. 3. The problem _ city we
11、are going to, Qingdao or Dalian, is not decided. 4. The thought occurred to him _ he left his notebook in the reading room. 5. I have no idea _ the project will be finished. 6. The teacher had no idea _ was going on in the classroom.,whether,how,which,that,when,what,同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别是什么? 该如何区分呢?,
12、1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.,（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）,定语从句,宾语,同位语从句,(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）,同位语从句和定语从句的区别,that,两种从句的本质的不同: 定语从句是形容词性的，它的功能是修饰先行词，描述它的性质或特征； 同位语从句是名词性的，它的功能是对所说明的词语作进一步的补充、解释或说明 试比较： The news that we heard spre
13、ad all over the school. (_从句) The news that he had won the game spread all over the school. (_从句),IV. 同位语从句 Vs. 定语从句,定语,同位语,“试加法”，即在先行词和从句间加上“be”,构成“名词+be+从句”的结构，若句子通顺，则是同位语从句。 The news that we heard spread all over the school. 试加后The news is that we heard. The news that he had won the game spread a
14、ll over the school. 试加后The news is that he had won the game.,V. 同位语从句的判断方法试加法,判断:定语从句or同位语从句,1. The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. 2. The news that we got last week is true. 3. I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 4. The mother made a promise that pl
15、eased all her children.,(定语从句),(同位语从句),(同位语从句),(定语从句),5. The possibility that computers can do everything in the future surprised many people. 6. The problem that you referred to doesnt exist at all. 7. Have you any idea who he went with?,（同位语从句）,（定语从句）,（同位语从句）,Thats all.,1. (09江西33) The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 2. (09四川7) News came from the school office _W
