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1、被动语态（The Passive Voice),Tom broke the window. （主动语态） The window was broken by Tom. （被动语态） ,英语的谓语动词有两种语态,主动语态,被动语态,（前者表示句子的主语为动作的发出者， 后者表示句子的主语为动作的承受者。）,注意：只有及物动词才有被动语态。,1.被动语态结构：,be + 过去分词(PP) + (by ),2.如何从主动语态变为被动语态？,介词by 宾语,be+过去分词,主语,1、 They make the bikes in the factory. 2、 All the people laughe
2、d at him. 3、We can repair this watch in two days.,The bikes are made by them in the factory,He was laughed at by all people.,This watch can be repaired in two days.,3.主动语态和被动语态结构对照表,am/is/are+过去分词,do/does,did,shall/will+动词原形,would+动词原形,am/is/are+doing,was/were+doing,have/has+过去分词,had+过去分词,情态动词+动词原形,
3、was/were+过去分词,shall/will+be+过去分词,would+be+过去分词,am/is/are+being+过去分词,was/were+being+过去分词,had+been+过去分词,have/has+been+过去分词,情态动词+be+过去分词,注： 被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由第一个be动词 助动词或情态动词构成。 2. 人称和时态的变化体现在be动词上，而过去分词在任何时态中都不改变。,被动语态举例, The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. A new bridge is being built acros
4、s the Changjiang River. The project will (is going to) be finished next month. Many trees have been planted around the lake. Old people should be taken care of/looked after. Books cant be taken out of the library. 7.Nobody likes being laughed at. 8.Nobody likes to be laughed at.,被动语态应注意的问题,1. 可接双宾语的
5、动词 带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前做主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to或for. Eg: I gave him a book yesterday. - He was given a book (by me) yesterday. - A book was given to him (by me) yesterday.,2.带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语,ask/tell/allow/encourage/promisesb. to do sth.结构： People should allow teenagers to choose their own clothe
6、s. Teenagers to choose their own clothes. They encourage us to plant more trees. We to plant more trees.,should be allowed,are encouraged,3、接动词原形做宾补的动词变被动语态,使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词(see, hear, watch,等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略to，改为被动语态时一定要补上to。 I heard him sing in the next room. -He sing in the next room
7、. They made us do all kinds of work. -We do all kinds of work. .注：当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，doing不变。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主动) He was seen going into the shop.(被动),was heard to,were made to,4、主语从句,汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等常见的宾语从句句型。 Its said/ reported/believed/ that据说/报道/认
8、为 Its suggested that有人建议 Its well known that众所周知 eg: It was reported that it rained heavily in the south of China.,据报道，一个老人在大街上慢慢走着的时候，被一辆快速从旁边经过的汽车撞倒了。,It is reported that when an old man was walking on the street at a low speed, he was knocked down by a car passing by at a high speed.,5、没有被动语态的动词和
9、词组,1.不及物动词如happen, appear, belong to, take place, break out等无被动语态 A traffic accident _(happen) just now. 2.连系动词无被动语态，如feel smell look sound taste等。 Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful 3.表状态的动词无被动语态，如have own I have a bike.,happened,sounds,4.wash, write, sell, wear此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态,常用副词 well, easil
10、y修饰。 The book sells well . ( 这本书销路很好) This dress washes easily . ( 这衣服较好洗) The pen writes smoothly. （这支钢笔写起来很流畅）,5.need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth等后用动名词表被动。 The desk needs repairing. The novel is worth seeing. 注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。： The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to be
11、repaired.,1. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold,2. Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold,3. Han Hans books are popular. They _ by ma
12、ny teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read,4. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering,5. Didnt you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? Sorry, I
13、 didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow,6. The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes,7. Have you finished your project? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten mor
14、e minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given,8. This pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels,9. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C.
15、serves D. served 10. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided,11. This is Teds phone. We miss him a lot. He _ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing 12. - Have you move into the new house? - Not yet, the rooms _. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting,谢谢观看！ 2020,
