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1、考点精讲精练,非谓语动词,聚焦中考英语,考点一 名词辨析,非谓语动词是指在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语动词形式分为动词不定式，动词ing形式和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。初中阶段重点掌握不定式和动词的ing形式的基本用法。,考点一 动词不定式（没有人称和数的变化）,肯定形式：to+动词原形；否定形式：not to+动词原形。 如： The teacher told me to come here on time tomorrow. （肯定）老师告诉我明天要按时到这里。 The teacher told me not （never）to come
2、here on time tomorrow.（否定） 老师告诉我明天不用按时到这里。,对点精练：,( B )1.Parents often ask their kids_their Internet friends because the kids may be in danger. Ato meetBnot to meet Cmeeting Dto not meet,( A )2. In this school, the students are asked _mobile phone. A.not to use B.not using C.not use D. to not use, 动词
3、不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数；常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语动词不定式置于句末，常用于下列句式中：It + be + 形容词+（for sb）+ 动词不定式。如： To learn English is very important It is very important to learn English.学英语很重要。 (1)It is名词to do sth.。如：Its our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.保持环境干净整洁是我们的责任。 Its a pleasant way to keep our city
4、clean.这是保持我们城市洁净的一个好方法。,(2)It takes sb.some time to do sth.。如： It takes him half an hour to get to school by bike.骑自行车上学花了他半个小时。 (3)It is形容词for sb.to do.(形容词修饰事物)。如： Its very difficult for me to learn maths. 对我来说学数学很难。 (4)Itbe形容词of sb.to do.(形容词描述人的性格、品质等，如 kind, nice, clever, polite,wise, rude 等)。如
5、：Its nice of you to say so.你这样说真好。 Its kind of you to help me with my English.帮我学习英语，你真好。,对点精练：,( A )3. It me about 10 days painting the walls. A. took; to finish B. cost; finishing C. took; finishing D. spent; to finish,( C )4. It is important people learn team spirit. A. of; of B. of; to C. for; t
6、o D. to; to,（ A ）5. Its very nice _ pictures for me. A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing, 动词不定式作宾语 1. 做动词的宾语 只能跟不定式作宾语的动词有：hope, want, would like, decide, wish, choose, agree, ask, expect, fail, help, learn, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse 等。如： I hope to s
7、ee him as soon as possible.我希望尽快见到他。 I decided to ask for my money back.我决定去要回我的钱。,巧记 接不定式作宾语的动词：三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。 妙语诠释 三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise 两个要求莫拒绝：demand, ask, refuse 设法学会做决定：manage, learn, decide 不要假装在选择：pretend, choose,2. 和疑问词 who, what, when, where, how, which
8、 等连用作tell, ask, know, show 等动词宾语。如： I dont know what to do. 我不知道做什么。 She showed us how to do it 她向我展示怎样去做那东西。 3. 用it 来作形式宾语，将真宾语置后。如: We find it possible to eat 10 apples at one time. 我发现一次吃10个苹果是有可能的。,对点精练：,( D )6. I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation . What about you? I havent decided where
9、. A. go B. went C. going D. to go,( B )7. Dont forget your history and politics books tomorrow morning. Thanks. I wont A. bring B. to bring C. bringing D.brought,( B )8. What bad weather it was! We decided . A. to go out B. not to go out C. to not go out D. not going out,( D )9. At times, parents fi
10、nd it difficult with their teenage children. A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk,( B )10. -Wow, Wendy , its so cool to make a short video with your mobile phone. -Just with software called Meipai. Let me show you _. A.which to use B. how to use it C. what to use D. where to use it, 动词不定式作宾语补足语,一
11、些及物动词除要求接宾语外，有时还需要有宾语补足语，说明宾语的行为、状态、特征，这时意思才相对完整。 1. 常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：allow, ask, advise,invite, encourage, expect, get, order, teach, tell, want, warn, wish,would like 等，常用于句式“v.sb.to do sth.”。如： Would you like me to give your regards to Mary ？你要我向玛丽传达你的问候吗？ 后跟to do 作宾语补足语的动词或短语列举如下： 告诉、请求、要、命令(tell
12、, ask, want, order) 希望、邀请、教、帮助(wish, invite, teach, help) 警告、喜欢、使(人)恨(warn, like, get, hate) I want you to understand the whole passage clearly.我想要你清楚地理解这整篇文章。,对点精练：,( D )11. Lucy is shy .She would not invite her classmates dancing with her. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice,( B
13、)12. Our teacher often asks us questions in groups. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed,( C )13. The little girl was crying because her mother didnt allow her _ the ice-cream. A. eat B. eats C. to eat D. ate,2.感官动词和使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式须省略to。注意：当这些动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上to 归纳表格：,如：I didnt he
14、ar anyone say anything about it.我没听过任何人说起有关它的任何事。 Do you let me swim in the river, Mum？妈妈，你允许我在河里游泳吗？ 3.help 后面的“to”可有可无。如： Would you please help me (to) fill in the tax form？你能帮我填一下纳税申请表吗？ Peter often helps his mother (to) do the housework.彼得经常帮妈妈做家务。,对点精练：,( D )14.He lost his key. It made him in t
15、he cold to wait for his wifes return. A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay,( C )15. Can you hear someone in the classroom? It is Mary. A. sing B. sings C. singing D. sang,( B )16.People who wont work should be made _. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked, 动词不定式作状语（动词不定式在句子中作状语表目的）如： He went ther
16、e to see his grandma. (to see 作目的状语) 他去那里目的是去看他的爷爷。 The boy is old enough to learn to drive a car.(to learn作结果状语)这男孩够大去学开小车。,对点精练：,( C )17.Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? abroad for further study. A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes,( D )18. Paul made a nice cage the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept
