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1、1. He stood there, tired from a whole day of work, thinking of a way to escape from the construction site. 2. The news conference, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters. 3. Having reached the very peak of the Everest, the climbers cheered against the fierce north wind. 4.
2、He keeps buying expensive maps. He must have more than 200 by now. 5. I heard the girl singing in the classroom. 6. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.,状语,状语,(宾语)补语,定语,定语,宾语,找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。 还可以有自己的宾语和状语构成非谓语短语在句中一起做成分。 主要形式：不定式to do doing done,(not) to make,(
3、not) to have made,(not) to be making,(not) to have been making,(not) to be made,(not) to have been made,否定形式: not+-ing的形式, -ing ：(do),过去分词:,done,doing,being done,having done,having been done,2.看“_”上要填的非谓语动词与相关的名或代词（多是主语）的逻辑关系 主谓关系 动宾关系,非谓语动词解题一般思路,1.分析句子成分，看“_”上要填谓语还是非谓语,to write to be written to be
4、 writing to have written to have been written writing being written having written having been written written,非谓语动词的比较,作主语的区别 不定式作主语表示具体动作 It is not very good for you to smoke so much. 你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) +ing作主语通常表示抽象动作； Smoking is prohibited here 这里禁止抽烟。(抽象),不定式和+ing,作表语的区别,（1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示
5、将来 动作。 What I would suggest is to start work at once . His wish is to buy a car in the near future .,(2) 动名词作表语表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people . His hobby is collecting stamps .,(3) 分词作表语. 表示心理状态的动词加上 ing 变成现在分 词,译为“令人的”, 加上ed 变成过去分词, 译为“ 感到.” Interesting/interested delighting/delighted
6、exciting/excited Disappointing/disappointed Travelling is interesting but tiring . They were very excited at the news,不定式、动名词和分词,3 作宾语,英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式.但有些 动词要求 :,A 只能加不定式作宾语的动词: afford agree appear ask attempt beg choose decide demand design desire determine expect fail Happen hope manage plan wish p
7、retend refuse,B 只能加动名词作宾语的动词： admit appreciate avoid consider delay enjoy escape finish imagine keep mind miss permit practise prevent risk suggest stand allow advise forbid need require,C 有些动词后使用动名词和不定式作宾语的意思差别：,forget to do/forget doing stop to do/stop doing remember to do/doing regret to do /doin
8、g try to do /doing mean to do/doing,D有些动词使用动名词和不定式意思无差别,love， like，hate， prefer，intend， start， continue,不定式和动名词,E 这些常用的词组要求用动名词作宾语,cant help cant stand be worth devote to look forward to stick to be used to object to be busy feel like get down to,3动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较 （1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，man
9、age，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect等。 We agreed _ here，but so far she hasnt turned up yet（NMET 1995） Ahaving met Bmeeting Cto meet Dto have met,C,（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape， excuse，finish，forgive，imagine， keep，mind，miss
10、，practise，resist， risk，suggest，deny等。 The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_ （MET 1987） Acatching Bto be caught Cbeing caught Dto catch I would appreciate_ back this afternoon（MET 1992） Ayou to call Byou call Cyou calling Dyoure calling,C,C,（3）有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，如：love， like，hate，p
11、refer，intend，start， continue等。 I intend to finishfinishing the task this morning,注意问题,1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别 1）forget to do forget doing2）stop to do stop doing 3）remember to do remember doing4) regret to do regret doing5）try to do try doing,忘记要去做某事（此事未做）,忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）,停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事,停止正在
12、或经常做的事,记住去做某事（未做）,记得做过某事(已做),对要做的事遗憾,对做过的事遗憾、后悔,努力、企图做某事,试验、试一试某种办法,注意问题,1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别 6) mean to do mean doing 7）go on to do go on doing,打算，有意要,意味着,继而（去做另外一件事情）,继续（原先没有做完的事情）,（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，如：forget，remember， mean，regret，stop，try等。 The light in the office is still on Oh，
13、I forgot _ （MET 1991） Aturning it off Bturn it off Cto turn it off Dhaving turned it off You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting Well，now I regret _ that（NMET 1995） Ato do Bto be doing Cto have done Dhaving done,C,D,做宾补的区别 有些使役动词及感官动词后如let, make, have, hear, see, feel,notice, watch,
14、observe等 动词不定式只说明宾语的一个动作,宾语与动词不定式是主动关系 Just then he heard someone sing in the next room. 现在分词说明宾语的动作正在进行，宾语与现在分词是主动关系 Then he heard someone singing in the next room. 过去分词说明宾语与过去分词是被动关系 He had his bike repaired yesterday. He found his watch stolen.,不定式, 现在分词, 过去分词,作宾补: We saw the teacher_.（做实验） Ive n
15、ever heard the song _ (用英语唱）,doing the experiment,sung in English,4 作定语,不定式作定语。A 不定式与其所修饰的名词是主谓关系。 例：He was the last one to leave school yesterday . The train to arrive was from London . B 不定式与其所修饰的名词是动宾关系。 Get him something to eat . She has a lot of work to do in the morning. C 不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当
16、的介词 和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系。这里的介词不能 省去。 I need a pen to write with . There is nothing to worry about .,不定式、现在分词和过去分词,分词作定语,特点 ：1 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动含义。 2 现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或已完成的 事。,He rushed into the burning house . The child standing over there is my brother . The room facing south is our classroom . He is an advanced teacher .,不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系： 一般来说，不定式所表示的 动作发生在谓语
