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1、Section Grammar & Writing,直接引语和间接引语() 一、概念,1直接引语：当我们引用别人的话语时，如果引用的是原话，被引用的部分就叫直接引语。 The teacher asked，“Do you like English？” The girl said，“I like English very much.” 注意：引语前常使用逗号，而不是冒号；引号内直接引语的单词首字母要大写。,2间接引语：当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把意思转述过来，被转述的部分叫做间接引语。 The teacher asked the girl if she liked English.
2、The girl said that she liked English very much. 注意：间接引语不用逗号、引号；间接引语要考虑人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词的变化。,二、直接引语变间接引语的规则,三、时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化；如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。,四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化,五、直接引语变间接引语时态“五不变”原则,.句型转换 将所给的直接引语变成间接引语。 1He asked her，“Where are you going？” He asked
3、 her_ _ _ _. 答案：where she was going,2The lady said，“I shall go there on time.” The lady said that_ _go there on time. 答案：she would 3He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday.” He told me_ _ _to his father_ _ _. 答案：he had written；the day before,4The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus？” Th
4、e teacher asked_ _ _waiting for the bus. 答案：if I was 5The professor said，“Light travels much faster than sound.” The professor said that light_much faster than sound. 答案：travels,6She said，“My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” She said that_mother_ _ _to an exhibition_ _ _. 答案：her；had taken
5、 her；the day before 7My sister said to me，“I will come here next week.” My sister_me that_ _ _ _ _next week. 答案：told；she would go there the,8“How are you feeling now？”the doctor asked him. The doctor asked him_ _ _feeling_. 答案：how he was；then,.单项填空 1The teacher said that Columbus_America in 1492. Ad
6、iscoveredBfound Chad discovered Dhad found 解析：解答本题的关键在于把握整句的语境，确定正确的时态形式。直接引语中有具体的表过去的时间状语，变间接引语时，时态不变，故排除C、D两项，另外，find意为“找到失去的东西或在某个场所发现某人”，与此题句意不符。discover意为“发现了原本存在的事物”。 答案：A,2After the examination，my teacher told me that failure_the mother of success. Awas Bis Cbe Dbeen 解析：表示“真理，事实”的直接引语变为间接引语时，
7、时态不变。 答案：B,3The child asked his mother_go out to play tennis. Athat he could Bif he could Cif could he Dthat could he 解析：直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常用if或whether来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。 答案：B,4Mr Brown said he_me the next week. Awould see Bwill see Chad seen Dsaw 解析：由句中the next week这一时间状语可知宾语从句的时态需用过去将来时。 答案：A,5The m
8、other asked her son_. Awhat did he do the day before Bwhere did he find his lost wallet Cwhat time he got up that morning Dthat if he had finished his homework,解析：直接引语为特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时需用陈述语气，排除A、B两项；直接引语为陈述句时，变成间接引语可用引导词that引导；直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语时常用if或whether引导，故排除D项。 答案：C,6He said，“Whats the matter？” He
9、 asked_. Awhat the matter is Bwhat the matter was Cwhat is the matter Dwhat was the matter,解析：whats the matter是一个陈述句语序的句子，在变成间接引语时，语序不变，只改变时态。 答案：D,7My mother often says that she_happy with us. Ais Bwas Chad been Dwould be 解析：当主句的谓语是一般现在时态时，从句中的时态不变。故用is。 答案：A,8Tom told the boss of his company that
10、he_born in 1956. Awas Bhad been Cis Dhas been 解析：在有具体的过去时间作状语的直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变，仍然用一般过去时。 答案：A,9He said that his car_stolen and that he_have to telephone the police. Awas；would Bhas been；will Chad been；would Dhad been；will,解析：间接引语虽然是由and连接的两个并列的宾语从句，但时态却不一定一致，因为此句改为直接引语应为：He said，“My car was (has bee
11、n) stolen and I will have to telephone the police.”车子被盗是过去，而给警察打电话是将来(马上，立即)，所以变为间接引语应分别与所对应的时间一致。 答案：C,10He asked me_I would go to Beijing by air the next day. Athat if Bif Cthat whether Dhow 解析：that，if和whether都是连接词，不能连用；by air已经明确了去北京的方式，故不选how。 答案：B,11Could you please tell me_get to the nearest b
12、ookstore? Ahow I can Bhow can I Cwhere I can Dwhere can I 解析：考查间接引语的引导词及语序。由the nearest bookstore可知，引导词不用where，又因为间接引语要用陈述语序，故选A项。 答案：A,12The teacher said that_. Apractice made perfect Bpractice would make perfect Cpractice makes perfect Dpractice will make perfect 解析：“Practice makes perfect.”为谚语，故其
13、时态在宾语从句中不用变化，所以选C。 答案：C,13Mr Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam_. Ayesterday Bthe day before Cthe day ago Dbefore the day 解析：由主句谓语动词asked可知从句动作发生在“过去的过去”，the day before常与过去完成时连用。 答案：B,14The teacher told the students that there_a meeting at three oclock. Awere going to have Bare going to
14、 be Cwill have Dwas going to be 解析：主句谓语动词(told)为过去式，后面宾语从句中的谓语动词也要用相应的过去时态，故排除B项和C项。A项句子结构错误。 答案：D,15When Tom_ ，please let me know. Mary said when Tom_，just tell her about it. Acomes；comes Bcame；came Ccomes；came Dcomes；coming 解析：考查动词时态。第一空为状语从句中一般现在时表将来；第二空因主句谓语(said)为过去时，宾语从句中谓语动词应用相应的过去时态。 答案：C,写信
15、：致歉 一、题目要求 假如你是王平，你和你的好朋友李强因为组织班级活动时意见不一致产生了争吵，当时你的态度非常粗鲁，结果李强不再理你了。事后你非常后悔，想向李强道歉，可是李强不给你解释的机会。请你给李强写一封信表达你的歉意，并请求他的原谅。,注意：1.词数：100左右；2.内容要适当发挥，注意行文连贯；3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Li Qiang， In the past few days_ _ _,二、关键词语,三、连词成句 1最近几天我一直在考虑上周所发生的事情。 In the past few days Ive been thinking about what happened last week. 2我知道让你接受我的道歉很难。 I know that it w
