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1、Unit 1 Language and Culture in CommunicationTheory Communication is something we do every day. It takes place so naturally that we simply fail to notice it until it hiccups or breaks down. Though it is commonplace, it is no exaggeration to say that communication is life and life is communication.1.W
2、hen you join a social gathering, you must be aware of rules and procedures that govern the way things are going to proceed. There is a technical term for such rules and proceduresschema. 2. Face and politeness are two other areas which are extremely valuesensitive. One of the distinctive features of
3、 Chinese politeness is selfdenigration and otherelevation.Case 1: Litz is a professor of crosscultural communication in a university in Finland. She invited her Chinese students home for an evening party.The schema from Litzs point of view includes the following:1. Giving invitation: by phone / by m
4、ail2. Prepare everything before the arrival of guests3. Receiving guests: open the door / express welcome / take their overcoats / introduce guests / offer them drinks / make them comfortable4. Serving food: set the table / soup first / main course / desert 5. Post dinner activities: chat / play mus
5、ic / offer more drinks6. Seeing guests off: thank them for coming / good nightLitzs evening party was not very successful, because she was upset by one of her guests. Here was the initial conversation between Litz and Lin:Litz: (opens the door) Oh, Lin, how nice you could come!Lin: Its not difficult
6、 to find your house.Litz: Come on in.Lin: (comes in)Litz: Can I take your coat?Lin: No, thanks.Litz: Ok, this way please.Lin: (take off her coat and hangs it)Analysis: Litz was hurt because Lin did not let her hang her coat. Litzs offering to hang Lins coat is one of Litzs ways (its on Litzs schema)
7、. On Lins side, she thought that Litz was her supervisor and that it was inappropriate to let her supervisor hang her coat. Here we have an instance of one action attached with different cultural values.Case 2:Finding an Interested BuyerGeorage Hall was in Beijing attending a trade fair and looking
8、for an opportunity to do business in China. He had been very successful in his business dealings in the US and prided himself on his ability “to get things moving.” His first day was going well .He looked around at the displays of sporting equipment to get some idea of whom he might approach. He was
9、 sure that his products, tennis rackets with an unusual new design, would arouse some interests. On the second day he approached the company which he felt would be most responsive to his products. He introduced himself to the general, a Mr. Li. Since he had read that Chinese find getting down to bus
10、iness immediately too abrupt and rude, he began a casual conversation, eventually leading up to the topic of his products and suggesting how Mr. Lis company might benefit from using them. George then suggested that he could arrange to get together with Mr. Li and provide more specifics and documenta
11、tion on his products.Mr. Li responded in fairly good English,” That would be interesting.”Knowing that he had only a few days left in Beijing, George wanted to nail down a time,” When can we meet?” asked George. “Ah. This week is very busy,” replied Mr. Li. “It sure is,” said George,” How about 10 o
12、clock? Meet you here.” “Tomorrow at 10 oclock?” asked Mr. Li thoughtfully. “Right,” said George, “Ill see you then?” “Hmm, yes; why dont you come by tomorrow,” was the reply. “OK,” responded George,” It was nice meeting you.”The next day at 10 oclock he approached Mr. Lis companys exhibit only to fi
13、nd that Mr. Li had some important business and was not able to meet with George. He called back later in the day and was told that Mr. Li was not available.Analysis: 英美人士做事情讲究守时。而中国人不太重视这方面。本案列中，李先生不仅没有准时接见预约的客户，甚至放了他“鸽子”。Case3: Professor Liang has written a book on Chinese culture in Chinese. His b
14、ook is put on display in Beijing International Book Fair 96. Professor Liang would like to have his book translated into English and submitted to Thompson Publishers. Professor Liang has asked Li Yan, whom he meets regularly in the English Corner, to help him to talk to Peter Allright, a Thompson re
15、presentative.Prof. Liang:奥莱特先生，这是鄙人的拙作。Li Tan: Mr. Allright, this a clumsy book written by your humble servant.Mr Allright: No, no, no, youre not my humble servant. We do not publish books in Chinese.Li Yan (to Professor Liang): 不，不，不，你不是我的仆人，我们不出中文书。Professor Liang: 我要请李艳翻译成英文。Li Yan (to Mr. Allright): Professor Liang will ask me to translate it into English.Mr. Allright: Mm thats interesting.Analysis: Chinese authors almost always belittle their works by describing them as clumsy writings, and they use the same description when they present them to Chinese publishers. But this will
