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1、一、代词1、 人称代词和物主代词英语的人称代词（Personal Pronoun）有三种不同的人称形式：第一人称（First Person）；第二人称（Second Person）；第三人称（Third Person）。三种人称又各有单、复数形式。.在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格（Subjective Case）、宾格（Objective Case）两种“格”的形式。这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为：主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they宾格：me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them此外，还有所有格形式。属格：my，mine
2、，your，yours，his，her，hers，its，our，ours，their，theirs 属格又可分为两类：一类是形容词性物主代词（my，your，his，her，its，our，their）即 “物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词（mine，yours，his，hers，ours，theirs），即 “物主代词”。人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyoushe he itthey宾格meusyouyouher him itthem物主代词形物代myouryouryourher his itstheir名物代mineoursyoursyour
3、shers/his/itstheirs人称代词用法：（1） 人称代词主格：做主语，表示谁怎么样了，干什么了。I am a teacher.You are student.He is a student , too.We/You/They are student.（2） 人称代词宾格：作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词的后面。Give it to me.Lets go.(lets=let is)（3） 形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）+名词。（4） 而名词性物主代词（mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）则相当
4、于形容词性物主代词+名词，故其后不必加名词。如：-Is this your book?-No,it isnt,its hers(her book).its Jims,its Toms.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pi
5、nk. 练习：1._(我) am a teacher.2.My father is talking with _(我).3.This is _(我的) book.4._(他的) chair is blue.5._(我们的) classroom is big.6._(他) often plays basketball after school.7._(他的) teacher is good.8._(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _(他).9.Please pass_(我们) the ball.10._(他们) are listening to the radio.11.
6、_(我) am a teacher.12.This is _(她的) bag. That is_(他的)13._(他的) cap is blue. _( 我们的) are yellow.14.Our chair is better than _ ( they).15.I will give the presents to_(they).16.These books are_(I), and those are_(you).17.My ruler is long. _ ( you ) is short.18.My bike is broken. May I borrow_ ( she)?19.C
7、an you show _(I) your book?20.Its time for _(they) to go home.21.Mr. Green often tells _(we) some stories.22.These are not your desks. They are _(our).23.This is not my shirt. Its _(he)24.I saw _(she) in the shop yesterday.参考答案：1. I 2. me 3. my 4. His 5. Our 6. He 7. His 8. We, him 9. us 10. They 11
8、.I 12. her, his 13. His, ours 14. theirs 15. them 16. mine, yours 17. yours 18. hers 19. me 20. them 21. us 22. ours 23. his 24. Her人称代词和物主代词练习：（一）用代词的适当形式填空。1There is a letter for_ (her 、hers) mother. 2That is _(she ) coat. The coat is red._(it)is a new one. 3Whose pens are these? _(their) are _ (w
9、e). 4Give _(he) a toy, please. 5_(we) eyes are black. 6Tim and Bill are twins. _(them) parents are teachers. 7Give the book to _(I ). 8These books are _(we). 9That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big.( I )10The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )11Is this _ watch? (you) No, its n
10、ot _ . ( I )12_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )2、指示代词（1）this“这” ,其复数形式 these “这些” ,指代近处的人或物体 ;（2）that“那” ,其复数形式 those“那些” ,指代远处的人或物。3、指示代词 this that these those 作主语,一般疑问句的简略回答（1）Is this / that your aunt ? Yes , it is . No , it isnt .简略回答时,用主格代词 it 代替（2）Are these / tho
11、se your uncles ? Yes , they are . No , they arent .简略回答时,用主格代词 they 代替单句变复句,把句子中单数词变成复数词。1、This is my friend . _ _ _ _my _2、That is his parent . _ _ _ _his _3、She is her cousin . _ _ _ _her _用所给的词选择填空1、These are pens and _ are pencils. (that, this, those)2、Tom was sick yesterday. _ is why he missed
12、school. ( That, Those, These) 3、Which of_shirts are Toms ( These, this, that)4、This desk is mine, _is hers. ( those, this, that)5、The map of Beijing is better than _of Tianjing. (this, that, these).二、名词名词: 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。1、不可数名词:表示的事物,其数量不可以数清或者难以数清。例如:l water “水” , “水”的数量不可以数清; rice “大米,谷粒” , 其数量难以
13、数清。不可数名词用法上有两大特点:l (1)、没有复数形式;l (2)、不能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。2、可数名词:表示的事物,其数量可以数清 。可数名词用法上的特点:l (1)、有单数、复数两种形式;l (2)、能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。3、单数名词后加 s 或 es 变成复数名词。单数名词后加 s 或 es 的方法如下:l (1)、 一般情况,名词后直接加 s (清辅音后读 / s /, 浊辅音后读/ z /)例如: parents“双亲” ;aunts“阿姨” ;friends“朋友”l (2)、以字母 e 结尾的名词,直接加 s (
14、读 / z /) 例如:uncles“叔叔” ;pictures“图画”l (3)、以字母 O 结尾的名词,有的加 s ,有的加 es (读 / z /)例如: photos“照片” ;tomatoes“西红柿” ;l (4)、以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的名词,变 y 为 i,加 es (读 / z /)例如:family families; party partiesl (5)、以 s x ch sh 结尾名词,直接加 es(读 / Iz/) 例如:buses“公共汽车” boxes“盒子” wishes“希望” watches“手表” l (6)、少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,有特殊形式。man men woman women
