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1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters,Words and Expressions,教学目标与要求,核心素养 语言能力：主题： 自然灾害 词汇： disaster, drought, slide, flood, rescue 语法： 复习that, which, who引导的定语从句；学习whose引导的定语从句；能够运用关系代词引导的定语从句描述事物的具体信息。 学习能力： 掌握阅读中根据上下文猜测词义，能够运用构词法推测词义。 文化意识： 了解国内外发生过的重大自然灾害，树立防灾保护意识。 思维品质： 实践中运用所学知识应对与灾害有关的困难，增强解决问题的能力。,Words an
2、d Expressions,Listening and Speaking Reading and Thinking,Vocabulary,Disasters 灾害 earthquake 地震 tornado 龙卷风 wildfire 火灾 drought 干旱 landslide 滑坡 tsunami 海啸 flood 洪涝 volcanic eruption 火山喷发,Disasters,earthquake,Tornado,tornado tned n. 龙卷风；飓风；旋风 When a tornado touches the ground, it does a lot of damage
3、.,Wildfire,waldfa(r) n. 野火；散布极快的事物；磷火；燃烧剂 The wildfire of 1987 destroyed thousands of acres of the forest.,Drought,drought drat n. 干旱 We have not enough food to eat because of the drought.,landslide,lndslad n. 山崩；滑坡；占绝对优势的选举 The heavy rain was responsible for the landslide.,tsunami,tsunami tsunmi n.
4、 海啸 A terrible tsunami followed the earthquake.,flood,flood fld v. 淹没；充满 The river had burst its banks and flooded the valley. n. 洪水 The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm.,volcanic eruption,vlknk rpn A series of volcanic eruptions developed along the fault. 一系列的火山爆发正在断层带酝酿。,Mudflow,St
5、ay away from the site. Flooding or additional slides may occur after a landslide or mudflow.,rescue reskju vt. 营救；援救 He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child. n. 营救；救援 Rescue workers rushed to the site of the plane crash. 形容词: rescuable 名词: rescuer 过去式: rescued 过去分词: rescued 现在分词: rescu
6、ing 第三人称单数: rescues,damage dmd n. 损害；损失；毁坏 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. vt. 损害；毁坏 Drinking and smoking can damage your health. 形容词: damageable 副词: damagingly 名词: damageability 过去式: damaged 过去分词: damaged 现在分词: damaging 第三人称单数: damages,destroy dstr v. 破坏；杀死；消灭；摧毁 If the tree fall
7、s that way, it will destroy the house. 过去式: destroyed 过去分词: destroyed 现在分词: destroying 第三人称单数: destroys,death die,death de n. 死；死亡；毁灭；死因 He had to choose between death and dishonour. die-dying-died Flowers soon die if they are left without water. The patient is in danger of dying. My grandfather die
8、d at the age of 86.,affect fekt vt. 影响；感动；作用 She was deeply affected by the sad story. This may affect your health. affection. fekn n. 影响；感情；喜爱；慈爱 Every mother has affection for her children.,shelter eltr n. 避难所；庇护；庇护所 In the storm I took shelter under the tree. v. 保护；隐匿；庇护 These plants must be shel
9、tered from direct sunlight.,ruin run vt. 毁灭；毁坏；（使）破产； The rain ruined my painting. n. 毁灭；废墟；崩溃 His rashness led to his ruin. 固定短语 in ruins 成废墟 The house was in ruins.,percent psent n. 百分比 adv. 百分之 . adj. 百分之 . 的 57 percent complained of work overload. I am a hundred percent in agreement with you. We
10、 give 10 percent discount for cash.,brick brk n. 砖；砖块；砖状物 His new house was built by himself, brick by brick. vt. 用砖围砌（或堵） All the windows were bricked up.,metal metl n. 金属；合金；玻璃液 Copper and gold are both metals. vt. (以金属)覆盖、装配 This rough track will soon be a metaled road.,shock 英 k 美 k n. 震惊；震动；冲击；
11、休克 It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill. v. 使震惊；使震动；使受电击 They used him to shock the others. 固定搭配： in shock 处在震惊之中，处在休克之中 She is still in shock after the accident.,electricity lektrsti n. 电；电学；电流；热情 While I was cooking supper, the electricity went off.,trap trp n. 圈套；陷阱；困境；双轮轻便马车；
12、The police set a trap to catch the thief. v. 设圈套；陷入（困境） Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse. 过去式: trapped 过去分词: trapped 现在分词: trapping 第三人称单数: traps,bury beri vt. 埋葬；隐匿；专心致志；抛弃 She had learnt to bury her feelings. He likes to bury himself in the country. 名词: burier 过去式: buried 过去
13、分词: buried 现在分词: burying 第三人称单数: buries,breath bre n. 呼吸；气息 It took us a few minutes to get our breath back after the race. 固定搭配： hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 take breath 歇口气，歇会儿透口气 out of breath 呼吸急促，气喘吁吁 get ones breath back 喘过气来，恢复正常呼吸,effort efrt n. 努力；努力的成果 They are making every effort to decrease the
14、 production cost. All my efforts were fruitless. 形容词: effortful 副词: effortfully,wisdom wzdm n. 智慧；明智；才智；聪明；至理名言 She had acquired much wisdom during her long life. wise adj. 聪明的；有智慧的；明智的；有见识的 To a wise person, time is like a diamond. Learned men are not necessarily wise. 博学者未必都是聪明的。,context kntekst n
15、. 上下文；环境；背景 It is usually easier to pick out the meaning of a phrase in a given context. 在特定的上下文中理解一个短语的含意往往要更容易些。,suffer sf(r) vt. 遭受；忍受；容忍，宽恕，听任；允许，准许 She couldnt suffer criticism. vi. 受苦；患病；受损失；变差，变糟；处于不利地位 I wont stand by and let him suffer like this. 副词: sufferingly 名词: sufferer 过去式: suffered 过
16、去分词: suffered 现在分词: suffering 第三人称单数: suffers,Discovering Useful Structures Listening and Talking,volcano erupt 火山爆发 As the volcano erupted, the villagers fled for lives. erupt rpt v. 爆发；喷发；发疹 An active volcano may erupt at any time. 形容词: eruptive 副词: eruptively 过去式: erupted 过去分词: erupted 现在分词: erupting 第三人称单数: erupts,supply spla n. 供应；补给；贮备 They are at the end of their food supp
