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1、非谓语动词,不定式 to +V,现在分词doing,过去分词V-ed,by Julie 朱月,1.非谓语动词作状语2. 非谓语动词作定语,非谓语动词作状语 1. 作状语的判断 2. 五大经典原则 3. 解题四大步骤 4. 连词之后加分词 5.独立主格结构,1. 作状语的判断 Examples: Q: Given one more chance, I would like to tell the girl, “I love you.” 条件状语 A: 周星驰,Q: To prove his saying “ genius is one percent inspiration and ninety
2、-nine percent perspiration,” he worked hard and he was successful at last. 目的状语 A: Edison,Q: Having been in love with her for many years, Zhang Jie is married with her. 原因状语 A:谢娜,Q: It happened on May 12th 2008, killing thousands of people. （an event） 伴随状语 A: the Earthquake in Sichuan.,1、不定式做状语，只表示目
3、的、结果或原因： Hehurriedhomeonlytofindhismoneystolen. （结果状语） Tomakehimselfheard,heraisedhisvoice. （目的状语） Allofusaresurprisedtoseehisrapidprogress. (原因状语) 不定式短语放在句首多作目的状语， 在句末多作原因状语，结果状语。,2.现在分词与不定式作结果状语时的区别 1). European football is played in 80 countries , _ it the most popular sport in the world . A. mak
4、ing B. makes C. make D. to make 2). He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left . A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found 现在分词作结果状语往往表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中”的结果。不定式作结果状语时通常表示“偶然的、出乎意料的”一种结果,D full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.A. Not to make B. Not h
5、aving been made C. Making D. Not having made,没准备好,没准备好,我们,决定延期,主动,practice 分词作状语： 1). When _(heat), water will be changed into vapor. While _ (heat) water, we can change it into vapor. 2) _(see) from the hill, the city looks beautiful. _ (see) from the hill, you will find the city beautiful. 3) Gene
6、rally speaking, when _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. If _(take) the drug according to the directions, you will be better soon.,heated,heating,Seen,Seeing,taken,taking,2. 六大经典原则 原则一：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致 1. Standing on top of the tall building, we could see th
7、e whole city. (StandingWhen we stood) 2. While watching television, _. (2005年全国卷) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell tings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings,1). - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.
8、 A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 2). In order to make our city green, _. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees,True or false 1) Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 2) He being an
9、 orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly.,T,F,T,原则二：作目的状语，原则上用不定式 She got up very early to catch up the first bus. 3. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. (07江西卷) A. training B. being trained C. to have train
10、ed D. to be trained,原则三：作结果状语，可用-ing表结果在意料之中。用不定式作结果状语表结果在意料之外 He hurried to the station, only _ that the train had left. (05广东卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found He was busy writing a story, onlyonce in a while to smoke a cigarette. 08辽宁 A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. h
11、aving stopped 还少一个ing表结果在意料之中的例句,原则四：有被动意义时，原则上用过去分词（done） 如动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动（to be done) 如动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动（being done） When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ upon her A. seating; fixingB. to seat; fixingC. having seated; fixedD. seated; f
12、ixed seat vt. I seated myself.,sitting,=I was seated,=I sat down,原则五：强调动作发生在主句位于动作之前，原则上用完成式（据情况可用不定时的完成式或-ing的完成式）,3.解题四大步骤 分析句子结构，辨别“谓语与非谓语” She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.,找逻辑主语 We sat on the high hillock, listening to t
13、he old story. Having been dumped by his gf, he dated with another girl. Looking from the hill, youll find the city looks like an ant. Admitting what you say, I still think you are wrong. 一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语,1. _ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance. 2. Everything _
14、into consideration, they ought to have another chance. A. to take B. taking C. To be taken D. taken,B,D,分析语态 确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用上式主动还是被动关系。 1. “You cant catch me!” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by
15、 local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,B,D,分析时态 1. _ many times, he still repeated the same mistakes. 2. _ to finish the work in two hours, the students are busy in working. 3. _ his students to finish the paper, the teacher walked out of the classroom. A. Having been told B.
16、To be told C. Having told D. Told,A,D,C,解题步骤 方法总结： 辨别“谓语与非谓语” 找逻辑主语 分析语态 分析时态,4. 连词之后加分词 分词短语常常可以用在某些连词如since, when, while, whenever, no matter how, once, until 等之后,看作是状语从句中的省略现象。 1). No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven will still attract people all over the world. A. performed B. performing C. to be
