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1、1,专题-形容词、副词,Maker: Strong 11th,Jan 2007,2,高考考点归纳 1. 比较级和最高级 1). 形容词和副词的比较级,最高级的特 定结构 2). 修饰形容词,副词比较级和最高级的 词的顺序 3). 比较级结构和潜在比较级的问题 2. 形容词,副词的意义和用法 3. 形容词,副词的排列顺序,3,形容词 1. 定义 是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常放在它所修饰的名词之前 Eg: I have a big bag.,4,2. 基本用法: 可做 1)定语(放在名词前); 2)表语(放在系动词后); 3)宾语补足语; 4)the+形容词可转化为名词 1)Jim is a d
2、iligent boy. 2)John is honest and warm-hearted. Father got angry when he heard the news. 3)You must keep the room clean. Dont leave the door open. 4) The young are energetic and enthusiastic.,5,3.几种特殊情况， 须牢记： 1).形容词短语作定语，定语后置。 eg. a language difficult to master a leaning tower about 180 feet high,2)
3、. 表语形容词（afraid , alike , alone , asleep, awake , alive 等）作定语，定语后置 如 a man alive 有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well , faint ,ill 只作表语。 sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为 “bad” 。,3). 形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。 4). else 常用作疑问代词 和不定代词的后置定语。,6,5).多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被 修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。如
4、：a small beautiful room。 常用的顺序为： 记住：限数描形新颜国材（名词） Eg: The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge . 请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。,a nice big new Chinese china vase,7,4.复合形容词的构成 1.形名ed kind - hearted white haired 2.形形 red hot dark blue 3.形 现分 good looking easy going 4.副词 现分 hard working fast
5、moving 5.副词 过分 hard won newly made 6.名 形 life long world famous 7.名 现分 peace loving fun loving 8 . 名 过分 snow covered hand made 9. 数 名 ed four storeyed three legged 10. 数 名 ten-year two - man,8,5.形容词的比较等级 表示形容词原级的句型： 双方相等时， 用句型“.as+形容词原级+as.” / “.the same （+名词）+as .” Eg: He is as intelligent as his s
6、ister. He has the same intelligence as his sister. He is as intelligent a student as his sister.,9,双方不相等时， 用句型“.not so / as+形容词原级+as.” / “.be different from.” Learning English is not so hard as learning Russia. English is not so difficult a subject as Russia.,10,一方是另一方的若干倍时， 表示倍数的结构有以下几种： 1 .A is th
7、ree (four , etc .) times/half/one third the size (height , length)of B .如： Their library is twice the size of ours . 2 .A is three (four , etc .)times/half/one third as big (high , long)as B .如： The new bridge is three times as long as the old one . 3 .A is three (four , etc .)times/half/one third b
8、igger (higher , longer)than B .如： Your school is three times bigger than ours .,11,4. 表示形容词比较级的句型： 1)表示一方超过另一方时，用“形容词比较级 +than.”，而且可以用much , even, a lot, any, still, a bit, a little, a great deal , times, %,far, by far等副词修饰形容词比较级； The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year. Is t
9、his hotel any better than the one we lived in last time?,12,2)表示一方不如另一方时，用“.less+形容词原级 +than.”； I admit that I am less brave than you. He is less nervous than you. 3).表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用 “the + 比较级. the + 比较级.”（越越） 如：The harder he works, the happier he feels. 4).不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级 and + 比较级”结构
10、，表示越来越 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful and richer and richer.,13,5). more. than与其说倒不如说 It is more like a wall than a spear. They are more like father and son than teacher and student. Smith is more diligent than intelligent. 6).not+比较级 纯表示比较 no+比较级 含有对两者的否定 I am not better at English
11、 than you. I am no better at English than you. (Imply :Neither you nor I am good at English.),14,7） 某些以ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时， 用to 代替than .这些词有inferior (劣等的 ，次的） ，superior , junior(资历较浅的）, senior 。 如： he is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry. 8) 倍数表达法 1. A is + 倍数 the size ( height / length /width /depth )
12、 of B 2. A is + 倍数 as as B 3. A is + 倍数 比较级 than B 注意： times 表三倍以上 ， 两倍用 twice /double 形容词 修饰不定代词时放在后面. Eg: I didnt get anything valuable from the speech. If you listen carefully, you will find something new.,15,对以上句型要特别注意在具体语言环境中的灵活运用。例如： What do you think of his voice? I dont think I have ever hea
13、rd a better voice. 该对话的答语以比较级的形式表达了最高级的含义，意思等于“I think his voice is the best”。 The trip could not have been better. The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. The Changjiang River is longer than any river in Korea.,16,副词用法 1.定义：指用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念，反映动作行为以及陈述事情的性质
14、特征 2.作用:修饰动词；修饰形容词；修饰副词 3.位置:通常放在形容词前动词之后 4.多个副词作修饰语时的顺序: ）地点状态（方法）时间 Eg: I drove downtown quickly this morning. ）副词副词短语 Eg: We arrived safely at the station.,17,用做状语,修饰动词,形容词,副词,词组,或整个句子.1.They listened to the teacher attentively and took notes every now and then. 2. The ticket is terribly expensiv
15、e. 3.I like English very much. 4. He is really a good man. 5.Obviously,he is telling a lie. Actually/luckily/generally/unfortunately etc常用来修饰句子.,18,注意: 1.名词+ly构成形容词;形容词+ly构成副词 friendly, lovely, lively, homely, manly (形容词) friendlily, livelily, happily (副词) 2.fast,early,straight既是形容词又是副词,不加ly. He run
16、s fast. Can you give me a fast answer?,19,两种副词形式的比较 有些常用副词，两种形式，意义不同。如： close 接近（指距离） closely 仔细地；密切地 free 免费 freely 自由地；自如地 deep 深 deeply 深刻地 hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不 wide 宽 widely 广泛地 high 高 highly 高度地 late 晚；迟 lately 近来 most 最 mostly 主要地；绝大多数地,20,形容词副词的比较级和最高级 可分规则和不规则2种形式,1. 规则变化 单音节词一般在词尾加-er和-est 如果以-e结尾的单音节词，仅加-r和-st, eg: large 如果已辅音字母加y结尾的少数双音节词，把y变成i再加-er和-est，例如：happy 如果单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需双写词尾再加-er和-est,例如：bi
