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1、1 高三英语高效课堂资料 高三语法复习- 特殊句式 审核： _审批： _ 年级领导： _ 【Leaning aims 】 1. Master the rules of the special pattern. 2. Be able to use them flexibly by cooperation. 3. Be absorbed in your study with extreme passion and enjoy the pleasure of success. 【Self -study】 倒装句 一、全部倒装： 全部倒装是把句子的主谓语序颠倒过来，把谓语移到主语前面，下列情况用全部倒
2、装： 1. 表示时间、地点、方位的副词放在句首。如： now, then, here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off 等。 Then followed three days of heavy rain. 接下来下了三天大雨。 There goes the bell. Out rushed the boy. Away went the children. 注意 ：主语是代词时不倒装：Here it is. Away he went. There he comes. 2. 表示方位的介词短语前置：In the middle of the street st
3、ands a policeman. 3. such放在句首时：Such are the facts; no one can deny them.（事实就是如此，没有人可以否定他们） 4. 有时主语较长，为了使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，主谓要全部倒装。这种情况多出现在主系表结 构中。如： Nearby were two canoes（罐头） in which they had come to the island. 二、部分倒装：部分倒装一般是把句子谓语的一部分（主要是助动词、系动词或情态动词）放到主语 前面，构成部分倒装。 1. 否定副词hardly, seldom, never, little
4、, not, nor, neither, 及含有否定意义的短语on no condition( 在任何 条件下都不 ), at no time, on no account, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, in no case( 决不）, 等在句首。 Little does he care about what others think. Neither do I know it; nor do I care about it. By no means should we give up. 2. only+ 状语（副词，介词短语
5、，状语从句）放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装： Only in this way can we learn English well. Only when he returned could we find out the truth.（注意：主句倒装而从句不倒装） 注意 ：only 修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。如：Only he can answer the question. 3. so+be/助动词 /情态动词 +主语，“ 也是如此” 如： They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. He can speak
6、 English. So can Tom. 注意 ：特殊句型： -Tom is a clever boy and works hard at his lessons. -So it is with you. / It is the same with you. 如果句意不是“也是如此”，而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和，那么，句子不可使用倒装句。 -It was cold yesterday. -So it was. 4. “ not only but also”“不仅 而且 ”结构中，如果not only 放在句首， not only 引导的句子要 用半倒装，但but (also)部分的句子不倒
7、装。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 5. so that，such that 句型， so, such及其所修饰的部分至于在句首时，主句用部分倒装。 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 6. no sooner than, hardly when; not until句型 : H
8、ardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started. No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. Not until he came back did I leave. (主句倒装，从句不倒装) 三、形式倒装 1. as 引导让步状语从句，必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首。如： Young as he is, he is very brave. (表语倒装 ) Child as he is , he knows a lot. ( 表语倒装， child
9、 前用零冠词 ) Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her. ( 状语倒装 ) Try as he may, he fails at last.(谓语动词的倒装) 2. no matter how/ however+adj/adv; whatever/no matter what+n引导的让步状语从句。如： No matter how busy he is , he has to attend the meeting 。 However great the difficulty may be, we won t
10、 lose heart. Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise. 3. 感叹句。What an interesting talk they had! How interesting their talk is! 4. the more the more句型。 The more you listen to the English, the easier it becomes. The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 强调句型 1. 强调句型
11、的基本结构：It is (was) + 被强调部分 + that (who) + 句子的其他成份。 that 只起连接作用不作成份，但不能省略。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的 主语如果是人，可以由who 代替 that。 It was in the library that you saw her yesterday. 我昨天正是在图书馆见到她的。 It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. 2. 强调句型的一般疑问式：直接把is 或 was 提到 i
12、t 之前即可。例如： Was it in the library that I saw her yesterday? 3. 强调句型的特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+ is (was) it + that + 句子的其他成分。例如： 2 Where was it that you saw her yesterday? 注意： 在宾语从句中语序的变化，如：Do you know where it was that I saw her yesterday? 4. 在强调“ not. until ”结构中由until 所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It + is / was +
13、not until. + that + 该句的其余部分” ，that 所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。如： His father didnt come back from work until 12oclock. = It was not until 12 oclock that his father came home form work. 5.强调句型与时间状语从句、定语从句的判断 试比较： It was on March 1st that I had my hair cut. ( 强调句 ) It was March 1st when I had my hair cut. ( 时间状语
14、从句) 如何判断强调句型：将It is/was that 去掉，如果句子各种成份完整，则是强调句。否则不是。如第一 句可还原成：I had my hair cut on March 1st. 拓展： 偶尔考查谓语动词的强调句式 英语中用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形”来强调谓语。意为“确实”如： He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didnt find you. 他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。 省略句 1. 复合句中的省略：在状语从句中，主从句主语一致，或者从句主语是it，并且从句谓语动词为be，这 时从句的主语和be 均可省略。
15、 When (the power station )is completed, the power station will supply enough electricity. He opened his lips as if (he were ) to speak. If(it is) necessary , I ll go there myself. She told the children not to talk while eating. The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected. 2. 不定式省略，只保留不
16、定式符号to I asked him to see the film, but he didn t want to. I didn t want to go there, but I had to. 注意： 如果不定式中含有have, be, have been, 通常保留have, be, have been。 -Are you a sailor? -No, I used to be. -He hasn t finished it yet. -Well, he ought to have. 3. “so” 可代替某些动词后的宾语从句，但绝不能用it 或 that。 这些常用的动词有： believe, be afraid, expect, hope, imagine, suppose 等。否定用not 代替 so。
