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1、仁爱版初三上册英语语法3.for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：Youarenice.(通顺，所以应用of)。Heishard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)9)对两个句子的提问新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：句子：Theboyinbluehasthreepens.提问：1.Whohasthreepens?2.Whichboyhasthreepens?3.Whatdoestheboyinbluehave?4.Howmanypens
2、doestheboyinbluehave?很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如：句子：Heusuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday.提问：1.Whousuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday?2.Wheredoesheusuallygowithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday?3.Whatdoesheusuallydowithhisfriendsat8:00onSunday?4.Withwhomdoesheusuallygototheparkat8
3、:00onSunday?5.WhattimedoesheusuallygototheparkwithhisfriendsonSunday?6.Whendoesheusuallygototheparkwithhisfriends?10)so、such与不定冠词的使用1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如：Heissofunnyaboy.Jimhassobigahouse.2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如：Itissuchaniceday.Thatwassuchaninterestingstory.11)使用-i
4、ng分词的几种情况1.在进行时态中。如：HeiswatchingTVintheroom.Theyweredancingatnineoclocklastnight.2.在therebe结构中。如：Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver.3.在havefun/problems结构中。如：WehavefunlearningEnglishthisterm.Theyhadproblemsgettingtothetopofthemountain.4.在介词后面。如：Thanksforhelpingme.Areyougoodatplayingbasketball？5.在以下结构中：enj
5、oydoingsth乐于做某事finishdoingsth完成做某事feellikedoingsth想要做某事stopdoingsth停止做某事forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事goondoingsth继续做某事rememberdoingsth记得做过某事likedoingsth喜欢做某事keepsbdoingsth使某人一直做某事findsbdoingsth发现某人做某事see/hear/watchsbdoingsth看到/听到/观看某人做某事trydoingsth试图做某事needdoingsth需要做某事preferdoingsth宁愿做某事minddoingsth介意做某事mis
6、sdoingsth错过做某事practicedoingsth练习做某事bebusydoingsth忙于做某事canthelpdoingsth禁不住做某事12)英语中的“单数”1.主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“he,she,it”代替的。如：he,she,it，myfriend,histeacher,ourclassroom,Tom,Marysuncle2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如：man（单数）-men（复数）banana（单数）-bananas（复数）3.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。如：go-goes-going-went-gonework-works
7、-working-worked-workedwatch-watches-watching-watched-watched当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如：Theboywantstobeasalesassistant.OurEnglishteacherisfromtheUS.Theirdaughtermakesherbreakfastallbyherself.13)名词的复数构成的几种形式名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。I名词复数的规则变化1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如：pear-pearshamburger-hamburgersdesk-desk
8、stree-trees2.以字母-s,-sh,-ch,-x结尾的名词，词尾加-es。如：class-classesdish-disheswatch-watchesbox-boxes3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词，词尾加-es。如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesNegro-Negroeshero-heroes4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，将-y变为-i,再加-es。如：family-familiesdictionary-dictionariescity-citiescountry-countries5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词，将-f或-fe变为-v，再加-es
9、。如：half-halvesleaf-leavesthief-thievesknife-knivesself-selveswife-wiveslife-liveswolf-wolvesshelf-shelvesloaf-loaves但是：scarf-scarves(fes)roof-roofsserf-serfsgulf-gulfschief-chiefsproof-proofsbelief-beliefsII名词复数的不规则变化1.将-oo改为-ee。如：foot-feettooth-teeth2.将-man改为-men。如：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-polic
10、emenpostman-postmen3.添加词尾。如：child-children4.单复数同形。如：sheep-sheepdeer-deerfish-fishpeople-people5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变，其它国把-s加后面”。如：Chinese-ChineseJapanese-JapaneseSwiss-SwissEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-FrenchmenAmerican-AmericansAustralian-AustraliansCanadian-CanadiansKorean-KoreansRussian-Ru
11、ssiansIndian-Indians6.其它。如：mouse-miceappletree-appletreesmanteacher-menteachers14)双写最后一个字母的-ing分词初中阶段常见的有以下这些：1.letletting让hithitting打、撞cutcutting切、割getgetting取、得到sitsitting坐forgetforgetting忘记putputting放setsetting设置babysitbabysitting临时受雇照顾婴儿2.shopshopping购物triptripping绊stopstopping停止dropdropping放弃3.
12、traveltravel(l)ing旅游swimswimming游泳runrunning跑步digdigging挖、掘beginbeginning开始preferpreferring宁愿planplanning计划15)肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词1.some变为any。如：Therearesomebirdsinthetree.Therearentanybirdsinthetree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。如：Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?与此相关的一些不定代词如something,somebody等也要进行相应变化。2.and变
13、为or。如：Ihaveaknifeandaruler.Idonthaveaknifeoraruler.3.alotof(=lotsof)变为many或much。如：Theyhavealotoffriends.（可数名词）Theydonthavemanyfriends.Thereislotsoforangeinthebottle.（不可数名词）Thereisntmuchorangeinthebottle.4.already变为yet。如：Ihavebeentherealready.Ihaventbeenthereyet.16)in与afterin与after都可以表示时间，但二者有所区别。1.in经常用于将来时的句子中，以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间。如：HewillleaveforBeijinginaweek.一周后他会动身去北京。2.after经常用于过去时的句子中，以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间。如：HeleftforBeijingafteraweek.一周后他动身去了北京。不过，如果after后跟的是具体的时刻，它也可用于将来时。如：Wewillfinishtheworkaftertenoclock.十点后我们会完成工作的。3.注意区分以下的in的用法。Illvisithiminaweek.一周后我会去拜访他。Illvisithimtwiceinaweek.
