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1、专题9 简单句与并列句考点一、简单句的类型及其用法1）S + Vi +副词（状语）eg：Birds singbeautifully.2）S + Vi +介词短语（状语）eg：He wenton holiday.3）S + Vi +不定式（状语）eg：We stoppedto have a rest.4）S + Vi +分词（状语）eg：Ill goswimming.简单句基本句型一：主+谓=+i（主不及物动词）1）S + V +名词/代词eg：He isa boy.2）S + V +形容词eg：She isbeautiful.3）S + V +副词 eg：Class isover.4）S +
2、V +介词短语 eg：He isin good health.5）S + V+分词 eg：He isexcited.基本句型二：+系+（主系表）1）S + Vt +名词/代词eg：I likemusic. She hateshim.2）S + Vt +不定式eg：I wantto help him.3）S + Vt +疑问词+不定式eg：I dont knowwhat to do.常用于这句型的动词有：ask, decide, forget, know等。4）S + Vt +动名词eg：I enjoylivinghere.常用于这句型的动词有：advise, enjoy, finish, mi
3、nd,等。5）S + Vt +宾语从句eg：I dont think(that) he is right.常用于这句型的动词有：hope, know, notice, think,等。基本句型三：+t +（主及物宾）1）S + Vt +间接宾语+直接宾语eg：I sent him a book. Give me a cup of tea ,please.2）S + Vt +直接宾语+ to/for +间接宾语eg：He sent a book to me. Show this house to Mr. Smith说明间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：bring, give, pass, pa
4、y, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。间接宾语前加for 的常用动词有：buy, get, make 等。基本句型四：+t + IO + DO（主及物间宾直宾）1）S + Vt +宾语+名词eg：We named our babyTom.2）S + Vt +宾语+形容词eg：He painted the wallwhite.3）S + Vt +宾语+介词短语eg：I often find himat work.4）S + Vt +宾语+不定式eg：I wish youto stay.5）S + Vt +宾语+分词eg：I he
5、ard my namecalled（表示被动）；I feel somethingmoving（表示进行）.6）S + Vt +宾语+疑问词+不定式eg：He show me howto do it.基本句型五：+t +（主及物宾宾补）1.基本句型一：主+谓=+i（主不及物动词）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。主语一般在句首。谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如: S(主）+ Vi（不及物动词）（谓语）Wecome.；The babycried.此句型的句子有一个共同特点：即句子的谓语动词
6、都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。2.基本句型二：+系+（主系表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。表语也就是主语的补足语Thisisan English-Chinese dictionary.The dinnersmellsgood.He is growingtall and strong. 3.基本句型三：+t +（主及物宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有
7、一个宾语，动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。eg：Whoknowsthe answer?HelikesEnglish.4.基本句型四：+t + IO + DO（主及物间宾直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,它们通常一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。eg:Shegavemea new book.Hebroughtyoua dictionary.5.基本句型五：+t +（主及物宾宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语
8、补足语的有：名词，形容词，不定式，动名词，分词，介词短语等。考点二、并列句的类型及其用法常用的连词有 and( 同，和 ), when(=and just at this time 就在这时，然后 ), not onlybut (also)( 不仅而且 ), neithernor（既不也不）等。如：He helps me and I help him. He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English.联合关系常用的连词有or( 或者，否则 ), otherwise( 否则 ), or else(
9、否则 ), ither.or( 不是就是 ) 。如：You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus. Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 选择关系并列句常用的连词有 but( 但是，可是，只是因为), while( 而、却 ), yet( 可是 ) 等。如：I like tea while she likes coffee.She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 此处，还有副词 still( 仍然），however( 然而 ) 也
10、表示转折关系。Although she felt ill, she still went to work. 转折关系常用的连词有 for（因为）和so（所以，因此）等。如：I am thirsty, for it is hot.The manager was ill so I went in her place. 注意： so 不与 because 连用因果关系一、选择填空1.Ihelphim_hehelpsme.Wehelpeachother.A.but B.and C.or D.though2._he_Iamadoctor.A.Both;and B.Either;nor C.Neither
11、;nor D.Neither;and3Someofuswouldliketoactthestory_itisntfinishedyet.A.but B.and C.though D.so4Onemoreweek,_wewillfinishthetask.A.or B.sothat C.and D.if5Thegroundmustbejustright_toowet_toodry.A.either;or B.both;and C.between;and D.neither;nor6Samwasillyesterday,sohe_hishomework.A.didnt B.notdid C.did
12、ntdo D.didntdid 7Sorry,theresonlyoneseatleft._you_shecanhaveit.A.neither;nor B.Either;or C.Both;and D.Not;but8He_coffeeatall.He_tea.A.doesntlike,prefers B.likes,doesntpreferC.wouldlike,notprefers D.prefers,isnotfoodof9We_happyaboutthepriceofmeat.A.dont B.arenot C.wont D.werentbeing10I_troublefinding
13、theplace.A.didnthavemany B.haventagreatdealofC.didnthavemuch D.hadntalotof11_ofuslikesthefilm.A.Both B.All C.Neither D.Some12Whichsentenceisright? A.Idontthinkthatheisnotright. B.Ithinkheisnotright.C.Idontthinkthatheisright. D.Ithinkhewasnotright.13Theyare_young_carrytheboxontothetable.A.enough;too B.too;to C.so;to D. very;to14They_lunchath
