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1、动词-ing 形式作状语考点聚焦命题人：徐丽娟 授课人：杨伦斌 徐丽娟动词-ing 形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随或补充。1表示时间:动词-ing 形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。句首或句末Turning around, she saw a car driving up.=When she turned around, she saw a car driving up.她转过身，看见一辆车朝她开来。2表示原因:表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首，相当于一个原因状语从句。句首Being ill, he could not walk
2、any further.=As he was ill, he could not walk any further.因为疲倦，他不能再往前走了。3表示结果:动词-ing 形式作状语表示一种必然的结果，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。句末The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.=The fire lasted nearly a month, and left nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。4表示条件：动词-ing 形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。句首Being m
3、ore careful, you will make fewer mistakes.=If you are more careful, you will make fewer mistakes.如果更细心点，你就会少犯错误。5表示让步动词-ing 形式作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。句首Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。6表示方式、伴随或补充说明：动词-ing
4、形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，可以扩展成为一个并列成分。句末I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.=I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word.我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。He was walking along the street, looking this way and that.=He was walking along the street, and looked this way and that. 他在街上走着，左顾右盼。特别提醒 1 从属连词+动词-ing
5、形式作状语为了使动词-ing 形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, if，though ，unless, even if 等)。例如：1.Dont talk while having dinner.吃饭时不要说话。2.Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回。特别提醒 2 要避免无依着(无逻辑主语)的动词-ing 形式动词-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,如果状语与主语不一致，可给从句加上主语，变成主从复合句。例
6、如：（1） 【错误】Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.【正确】Looking out through the window, we found a beautiful garden.从窗户里，我们看见一个漂亮的花园。 （looking 的动作不是 garden 发出）（2） 【错误】While reading the book, the telephone rang.【正确】While she was reading the book, the telephone rang.她看书的时候，电话铃响了。 （readi
7、ng 的动作不是 the telephone 发出）特别提醒 3 动词-ing 形式独立主格结构作状语The moon appearing, we came to the foot of the mountain.特别提醒 4 独立动词-ing 形式作状语英语中有些动词-ing 形式，如 generally speaking, judging from，considering, talking of， supposing等，它们作状语时的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致。这种形式已经成为固定的用法。例如：Supposing he is ill, who will do the work? 假如他
8、病了，谁来做这工作呢？Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。特别提醒 5 动词 -ing 形式没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化主动语态 被动语态一般式 (not) doing (not) being done完成式 (not)having done (not)having been done1）当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般式：doingTurning around, I saw a car driving up2
9、）当 v-ing 形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：having doneHaving finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball.3) 当 v-ing 形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：having been doneHaving been translated into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world动词-ing 形式练习题一. 单项选择1. _ in a long queue, we
10、waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand2. _ his key, he couldnt enter the room. A. Having lost B. Losing C. To loss D. Lost3.The moon ,we came to the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B. appears C. appearing D. appear4 Weather_, well go swimming this
11、afternoon. A. permitting B. permit C. permitted D. To permit5. The trainer stood there, _ by the boys. A. surrounded B. surrounding C. to be surrounded D. being surrounding6The old man, _abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having w
12、orked7. -I must apologize for _ ahead of time.-Thats all right.A. letting you not know B. not letting you knowC. letting you know not D. letting not you know8. _for several weeks, the city was short of food and clothing.A. As having flooded B. As floodingC. Having been flooded D. Being flooded9. Loo
13、king out of the window of our classroom, _many beautiful peculiar mountains.A. there was B. there were C. we saw D. there stood10. _, he seems to be very nervous.A. Judge from appearance B. Judges from appearanceC. Judged from appearance D. Judging from appearance11. _ around the Water Cube, we were
14、 then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympics.A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show12. On receiving a call from his wife_ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.A. says B. said C. saying D. to say13. When I was little, my mother used to
15、sit by my bed, _ me stories till I fall asleep.A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell14. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help 15. When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked16. It is no use _ without taking action.A. complain
