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1、Unit 1 Grammar,The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and the Predicative,Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.,- Look at the excited boy! Why is he so happy? - He has got the first prize in the contest. - No wonder he is excited!,(Attribute),(Predicative),课文回顾 请分析下列课文句子的过去
2、分词的用法。 He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. He became interested in two theories.,(Attribute),(Attribute),(Predicative), But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary
3、 people exposed to cholera. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle.,Question:什么是定语？什么是表语？,(Predicative),(Attribute),(Predicative),(Attribute),定语的概念：,表语的概念:,相当于形容词，在句中修饰名词或代词的成分。,说明主语的身份、特征或状态；位于系动词之后，如be, appear,
4、look, get, become, turn, grow, feel, smell, touch, taste, remain, seem,一、动词过去分词用作定语的位置,1.The encouraged people are excited. 2.John Snow is a well-known physician. 3.He is one of those invited. 4.Nothing reported (in the newspaper) interested him. 5.The girl named May is in our class. 6.We are studyi
5、ng in a school built 14 years ago.,1、单个的过去分词或由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面，称为前置定语。 encouraged people a well-known physician,注:单个的过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等 不定代词或指示代词those时, 要放在这些词的后面。,2、 过去分词短语作定语 通常放在被修饰词的后面,称为后置定语。 the girl named May a school built 14 years a
6、go,二、过去分词作定语可与相对应的定语从句相互转换,例：1、He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.,He found that it came from the river which/ that was polluted by the dirty water from London.,2、We are studying in a school built 14 years ago.,We are studying in a school which / that was bu
7、ilt 14 years ago.,三、过去分词作定语表示的意义,及物动词的过去分词,a used stamp a broken window astonished people a closed door,一枚用过的邮票,一扇破碎的窗户,受惊吓的人们,一扇关上的门,不及物动词的过去分词,fallen leaves the risen sun the advanced countries a drunk man,落叶,升起来的太阳,发达国家,一个醉鬼,1、及物动词的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 2、不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只有完成意义。,四、V- ing与V- ed作定语时的
8、区别,1）语态不同：V-ing表主动含义，V-ed表被动含义。,an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说 the inspired audience 受鼓舞的听众,the falling leaves 落叶（正往下落的) the fallen leaves落叶（已落到地面的),2）时间关系不同: V-ing 表示动作正在进行, V-ed 表示动作已完成。,3）及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可表示被动,但-ed表示一个完成了的动作, 而being done多表示一个正在进行的动作。, The problem discussed yesterday has something
9、 to do with us.,The problem being discussed now has something to do with us.,动词过去分词作表语,1、什么是表语？,He became interested in two theories. But he became inspired when he thought about Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.,2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被 动语态的区别：,(1)过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构，被动意味很弱，主要强调主语所处的状态。 (2)被动语态
10、说明主语是动作的承受者，后常跟by短语，强调的是动作。例：,The cup is broken. The cup was broken by Tom.,杯子碎了。(强调杯子目前的状态),杯子是Tom打碎的。(强调打碎的动作),一部令人激动的电影 一个感到激动的孩子 一个令人失望的男孩 一个感到失望的男孩 一种失望的表情,an exciting film,an excited boy,a disappointing boy,a disappointed boy,a disappointed expression,Translation,He is an interesting person. I
11、 am interested in the book.,他是一个有趣的人。,我对这本书感兴趣。,表示情感的动词的现在分词与过去分词作形容词的用法和区别,表示情感的动词的现在分词作形容词，其主语通常 为（ ），有时为（ ），常翻译为：令人 ； 而这类动词的过去分词做形容词，其主语一般为 （ ），有时为（ ），而这种事物仍与人有关， 常翻译为：感到。,物,人,人,物,(1)From his _ look on his face, the price of meat must have risen. A. disappointed B. disappointing,(2) He hung up th
12、e phone with a _ smile on his face. A. satisfied B. satisfying,Choose the best answer.,(3) Judging from her _ face, she must be in trouble. A. puzzled B. puzzling,(4) The _ parents are not _ with their _ son. A. disappointing B. disappointed C. satisfied D. satisfactory,A,A,A,B,C,A,Practice,1、Comple
13、te the following sentences with the words given.,(1)The boys were_ when they heard the _ news. (excite) (2)His _ look suggested that he knew nothing about it. (surprise) (3)Our class went on an _trip last Monday. (organize) (4)Did you attend the meeting _ yesterday? (hold) (5)When he was seeing the
14、_ film (bore), he was very _(disappoint).,excited,exciting,surprised,organized,held,boring,disappointed,2、根据中文完成下列句子。,(1)他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 at the sad sight. (2)中国分秒必争，以便赶上发达国家。 China has no time to lose to catch up with _ in the world. (3)他们减少了用于实验的动物数量。 They reduced the number of animals_. (4)输掉那场比赛
15、后，她看上去很失望。 after she lost the game. (5)下调了的价格每一打将会节省你一美元。 will save you one dollar for each dozen.,They were frightened,the developed countries,used in experiments,She look disappointed,The reduced price,Make a short story using the past participle used as the attribute or predicative. Read it to your class next class.,Homework,
