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1、2010 年考研英语一 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.and markA，B，CorDon ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called
2、 the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting _1_ workers productivity. Instead，the studies ended_2_ giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect” the extremely influential idea the very_3_to being experimented upon changed subjects behavior The idea arose becaus
3、e of the_4_behavior of the women in the plant.According to _5_of the experiments their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_what was done in the experiment. _7_something was changed productivity rose . A(n) _8_ that they were being experimented u
4、pon seemed to be _9_to alter workers behavior _10_ itself After several decades，the same data were _11_to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions on record，no systematic _13_was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lightin
5、g It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to _14_interpretation of what happened._15_，lighting was always changed on a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output _16_ rose compared with the previous Saturday and _17_ to rise for the next couple of days _18_
6、 ，a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers _19_to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case，before _20_a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin d
7、own 1.A affected Bachieved Cextracted Drestored 2. Aat Bup Cwith Doff 3. Atruth Bsight Cact Dproof 4. Acontroversial Bperplexing Cmischievous Dambiguous 5. Arequirements Bexplanations Caccounts Dassessments 6. Aconclude Bmatter Cindicate Dwork 7. Aas far as Bfor fear that Cin case that Dso long as 8
8、. Aawareness Bexpectation Csentiment Dillusion 9. Asuitable Bexcessive Cenough Dabundant 10. Aabout Bfor Con Dby 11. Acompared Bshown Csubjected Dconveyed 12. Acontrary to Bconsistent with Cparallel with Dpeculiar to 13.Aevidence Bguidance Cimplication Dsource 14.Adisputable Benlightening Creliable
9、Dmisleading 15.AIn contrast BFor example CIn consequence DAs usual 16. Aduly Baccidentally Cunpredictably Dsuddenly 17. Afailed Bceased Cstarted Dcontinued 20.Abreaking Bclimbing Csurpassing Dhitting Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions： Read the following four texts.Answer the questions
10、below each text by choosingA，B，CorD.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 1 Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts
11、 coverage. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big- city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th cent
12、ury consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies. We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the
13、turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at
14、length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in t
15、he daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define journalism as a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.” Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotte
16、n. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of Englands foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print,
