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1、,The Attributive Clause 定语从句,临潼区华清中学 冯喜阳,定语从句复习,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,定义：用来修饰或限制先行词的句子。,关系词的判断办法,首看先行词：即先行词是表人的还是表物（时间、地点等） 再看从句成分：缺什么成分补什么成分（关系词的具体用法见下表）,关系词的用法一览表,限制性定语从句的构成,The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You
2、 should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where my father works.,关系代词 关系副词,先行词 之后,用陈述式语序,“.的”,关系词,1.从句位置及语序:,2.翻译方法:,3.构成,先行词和关系词的关系,1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are
3、 dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home.,the machine = that,the boy =who,the boys =whose,in the school = where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,先行词和关系词的关系,Join the
4、 following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,the machine,a machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The lady is Green. We sa
5、w her yesterday.,her,The lady,we saw yesterday is Green,Who/that,关系代词的用法练习,1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont l
6、ike the people. They smoke a lot.,The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh.,The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.,He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.,The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.,I dont like the people
7、that / who they smoke a lot.,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak.,on the day =when,in the house= where,for the reasons =why,in the way =that,关系副词实际上是介词先行
8、词,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when /in which,which,where/ in which,
9、which,why/ for which,that/which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,如何判断从句动词是否及物？,让先行词作宾语，如果正确，就是及物的，否则就是不及物的。 如句1：We worked the days.(错误）work为不及物动词。 句2：we spent the days.（正确）spend为及物动词。,难用的 whose,The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English
10、 is the best in our class.,Join the following pair of sentences.,whose =the students,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,在定语从句中，只有whose做定语。 使用whose时要注意： Whose+名词，名词前不能用冠词，但可以用形容词。 Whose+N,难用的 whose,The +N+of whom/which,Of whom/which + the +N,难用的 whose,The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.,Join the f
11、ollowing pair of sentences.,The house whose window is broken is mine.,whose=the houses window,The house is mine.,the window of which is broken,of which the window is broken,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the stud
12、ents. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,分析两种定语从句省略后的
13、结果,限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting
14、book.,which,as 引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected,定语从句在句首时只能用as,a
15、s 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1),This is the same pen as I lost. This is the same pen that I lost.,Please compare:,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2),This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句),介词+whom/which,介词的判断办法： 如果看不出介词与动词、名词及形容词的搭配，那么，我们可以讲先行词放在从句中，将从句变成一个介词填空，就可以将问题简化。,介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you s
