《11年现代3(1-8)复习范围》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《11年现代3(1-8)复习范围（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Writing Devices1. Antithesis对照，对比，对偶、这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.例如:1）“Speech is silver, silence is gold.”2）“It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature.”3) “I had walked into that reading room a happy healthy man. I crawled out a decrepit wreck.”4) Not that I loved Caeser less
2、but that I loved Rome more.5) You are staying; I am going.6) Give me liberty, or give me death.7) A miser grows rich by seeming poor. An extravagant man grows poor by seeming rich.8) They were friends, yet enemies; he was master, she was mistress; each cheated the other, each needed the other.(V. Wo
3、olf, “The Duchess and the Jeweller”)2. Syntactic Anaphora nfr首语重复法1) It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, i
4、t was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair.2) We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with Gods help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.3.Syntactic Epiphora pfr末词重复1) And this day will come, sh
5、all come, must come.2) Faith is a good guide, reason is a better guide, truth is the best guide.4. Alliteration头韵It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals and since the sound repeated is usually the initial
6、 consonant sound, it is also called front rhyme.头韵法在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。1) The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free. 2) How and why he had come to Princeton is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.3) There are twelve months in all the year, /
7、As I hear many men say. / But the merriest month in all the year / Is the merry month of May.4) The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, / The furrow followed free; / We were the first that ever burst / into that silent sea.5. Onomatopoeia拟声It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds m
8、ade by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement. 拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。 1）On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing. 在学校房屋的屋顶上一些鸽子正轻轻地咕咕叫着。 2）She brought me into touch wit
9、h everything that could be reached or feltsunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one. 她使我接触到所有够得着的或者感觉得到的东西，如阳光呀，丝绸摆动时的沙沙声呀，昆虫的叫声呀，开门的吱嗄声呀，亲人的说话声呀。 3）Wanda, confused, stood on the steps and could not think what to do - the two young girls
10、ran right into her, uttering high, shrill, giggling little screams.4）The ticking of the clock was the only sound that greeted him, for not a soul remained. 5）giggle, chuckle, meow, woof, squeak6）Such were the thoughts that buzzed round Mr. Harriby Ribston, robbing him of the satisfaction and refresh
11、ment that were his due. 6. Paradox隽语这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法.例如:1）More haste, less speed.欲速则不达2）The child is the father to the man.三岁看大，四岁看老。3) There is this quality, in things, of the right way seeming wrong at first.4) Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. The panorama of color
12、and action which fills the world is taken for granted.5) In fact, it appears that the teachers of English teach so poorly because they teach grammar so well.7. Understatement低调陈述It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately understati
13、ng it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. 1）It is no laughing matter.2）-that, if you were to adopt my method, might land you in a very uncomfortable position. 3).His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.4）I
14、should have said that reticence was not your strong point.5）Let me put it this way. Modesty is not exactly his strong point.6）She knew that her daughter was not exactly a sweet angel. 7) People all know that the mayor is not exactly a perfect model in moral behavior.8. Metaphor隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另
15、一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1).Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2）Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3）Diplomacy is the art of putting your feet down without stepping on anybodys toes.4）Military glory is a bubble blown from blood.9. Polysyndeton连词
16、叠用It is a stylistic device that uses several conjunctions (usually the same one) in succession to link up a series of things, ideas or events. The conjunctions involved are mainly “and” and “or”. polysyndeton is used to increase emphasis on all item listed because the audiences attention is drawn to them one by one
