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1、,The Infinitive,动词不定式,动词不定式 的构成：,(not) to+do(动词原形),A to-infinitive can be used as,主语（Subject） 表语（Predicative） 宾语（Object） 宾补（Object complement） 定语（Attributive） 状语（Adverbial）, 不定式用作主语,To grow trees is very important.,It is very important to grow trees.,不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。,Say in another way, us
2、ing it. To learn from your friends is important. To leave without saying goodbye is impolite. To chat with Miss White is a pleasant thing. To walk to school takes me ten minutes.,It is important to learn from your friends. It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye. It is a pleasant thing to cha
3、t with Miss White. It takes me ten minutes to walk to school.,It is + adj. + for sb. to do sb. isare +adj. +to do,It is + adj. + of sb. to do = sb. isare +adj. +to do,你那样做是有礼貌的。,It is polite of you to do that.,= You are polite to do that.,(good, kind, nice, rude, clever, right, silly, thoughtful, br
4、ave, selfish),(easy, hard, difficult, important, possible, necessary),对他来说，说英语很容易。 对我们来说，努力学习是必 要的。 您能帮助我，真是太好了。,It is easy for him to speak English.,It is necessary for us to study hard.,It is very kind of you to help me.,不定式放在be 动词后面，用作表语,My dream is to be a good teacher .,Its work is to clean the
5、 room every day.,Complete the following sentences. 1.The doctors suggestion is _(take)more exercise. 2.The best way is_(talk) to your parents. 3.His plan is _ (今 年夏天 到北京旅游). 4.My purpose is _ (帮你解决这个问题).,to take,to talk,to travel to Beijing this summer,to help you solve this problem,不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语,
6、We begin to read English at 6:30a.m.,She forgot to close the door.,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有： want, plan, hope,wish, learn, decide,would like, begin, start, try,need, forget, choose,prepare, agree, promise,manage,encourage,Complete the following sentences. 1.I _ (希望收到来信) you soon. 2.John _ (不想当) the host of th
7、e charity show. 3.Theyre _ (试着解决) the problem by himself. 4.Millions of people _ (已学 会使用) computers.,hope to hear from,doesnt want to be,trying to solve,have learned to use,think/ find / consider+ it+ adj. + to do,动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（）,不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。如：
8、I found it necessary to talk to him again. I found it important to learn English.,动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（）,有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同： forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做原来在做的事 need to do sth.需要做某事 need
9、doing sth. 需要被做,1. 别忘了离开时把灯关了。 Dont forget before leaving. 2. 父亲必须戒烟了。 Father must stop . 3. 他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。 After he watched TV, he went on for a while. 4. 这辆自行车需要修理了。 This bike needs_.,to turn off the lights,smoking,to read,repairing/mending,不定式用作宾语补足语,She asked me not to watch TV.,Lucy told him n
10、ot to cry.,Tell her to turn it down.,ask, tell, want, need, wish, warn, advise, encourage, invite , expect , teach,would like,hope sb. to do sth.,wish,Complete the following sentences. 1.Mr Lu _ (要求我们交) our homework on time. 2.The doctor _ (建议 格林先生喝) more water. 3.Mr Wu _ (叫学 生别嚷嚷) in class. 4.Mrs R
11、ead _ (希望儿子学) English well.,asks us to hand in advised Mr Green to drink tells the students not to shout wishes her son to learn,四看,三使,二听,一感觉:feel,不定式作宾补省去 to 的情况 (在被动语态中则to 不能省掉),help 可带to，也可不带to help sb (to) do sth,hear listen to,let make have,see watch look at notice,had better do sth./not do sth
12、. Why not do sth? Would you please do sth.? Would rather do than do sth.,不定式作宾补省去 to 的情况(在被动语态中则to 不能省掉),1.John was made the car for a week as a punishment A.to wash B.washing C.wash D. to be washing 2.The patient was warned food after the operation. A.to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eat
13、ing 3.Internet bars mustnt let anybody bad things , especially children. A. watch B.to watch C.watching D.watches,A,C,A,Exercises:,感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see , watch, look at , notice) 后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补.前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。 I often hear her sing in the next room . I heard her si
14、nging in her room just now.,不定式用作定语 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。,We have a lot of homework to do .,如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词, 则不定式中要有介词. He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.,something, anything, nothing+adj.+ to do I have something interesting to tell you.,Find the to-infinitive in ea
15、ch sentence. 1.Mr Wu is always the first to come and the last to leave. 2.There is no need to trouble him. 3.Have you got anything important to tell me? 4.Ive got nothing to worry about. 5.Im thirsty. Give me something to drink. 6.Spring is the best season to plant trees. 7.We all have a chance to go to college., 不定式用作状语,1. come to do sth. 2. go to do sth. 3. stop to do sth. 4. in order (not) to do 5. too + adj. + to do sth. 6. adj.adv. + enough to do sth.,Complete some
