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1、目录 2011年西南政法大学357英语翻译基础 考研真题及详解 2012年西南政法大学357英语翻译基础 考研真题及详解 2013年西南政法大学357英语翻译基础 考研真题及详解 2011年西南政法大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解 Part I. Translate the following English terms, phrases or abbreviations into Chinese. (15 points) 1carbon emission 【答案】碳排放 2mass media 【答案】大众传播媒体 3board of directors 【答案】董事会 4shuttle
2、 diplomacy 【答案】穿梭外交 5bubble economy 【答案】泡沫经济 6industrial property 【答案】工业财产 7microcredit 【答案】微额贷款 8Trojan horse 【答案】特洛伊木马 9United Nations Development Programme 【答案】联合国开发计划署 10certified public accountant 【答案】注册会计师 11BBS 【答案】电子布告栏（Bulletin Board System） 12CBD 【答案】业务中心地区（Central Business District） 13GAT
3、T 【答案】关税贸易总协定（General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade） 14EU 【答案】欧盟（European Union） 15IOC 【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会（International Olympic Committee） Part II. Translate the following passages into Chinese (60 points) Passage One: (40 points) The Charter of the United Nations Article 1 The Purposes of the United Na
4、tions are: 1To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformi
5、ty with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace; 2To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and
6、to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace; 3To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all witho
7、ut distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion; 4To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends. Article 2 The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles: 1Th
8、e Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members. 2All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter. 【参考译文】 联合国宪章 第
9、一条 联合国之宗旨为： 一、维持国际和平及安全；并为此目的：采取有效集体办法，以防止且 消除对于和平之威胁，制止侵略行为或其他和平之破坏；并以和平方法 且依正义及国际法之原则，调整或解决足以破坏和平之国际争端或情 势。 二、发展国际以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为根据之友好关系，并采 取其他适当办法，以增强普遍和平。 三、促成国际合作，以解决国际属于经济、社会、文化及人类福利性质 之国际问题，且不分种族、性别、语言或宗教，增进并激励对于全体人 类之人权及基本自由之尊重。 四、构成一协调各国行动之中心，以达成上述共同目的。 第二条 为求实现第一条所述各宗旨起见，本组织及其会员国应遵行下列原则： 一
10、、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。 二、各会员国应一秉善意，履行其依本宪章所担负之义务，以保证全体 会员国由加入本组织而发生之权益。 Passage Two: (20 points) The object of this essay is to assert one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual in the way of compulsion and control, whether the means used be
11、physical force in the form of legal penalties, or the moral coercion of public opinion. That principle is that the sole end for which mankind are warranted, individually or collectively in interfering with the liberty of action of any of their number, is self-protection. 【参考译文】 本文的目的是要力主一条极其简单的原则，使凡
12、属社会以强制和控制方 法对付个人之事，无论所用手段是法律惩罚方式下的物质力量或者是公 众意见下的道德压力，都要绝对以它为准绳。这条原则就是：人类之所 以有理有权可以个别地或者集体地对其中任何分子的自由行动进行干 涉，唯一的目的只是自我防卫。 Part III. Translate the following Chinese terms or phrases into English. (15 points) 1全国人民代表大会 【答案】NPC (National Peoples Congress) 2载人飞船 【答案】manned spacecraft 3红楼梦 【答案】A Dream of
13、Red Mansions or The Story of the Stone 4一国两制 【答案】One Country, Two Systems 5孔子 【答案】Confucius 6元宵节 【答案】Festival of Lanterns 7温室效应 【答案】greenhouse effect 8经济全球化 【答案】economic globalization 9亚运会 【答案】the Asian Games 10下岗职工 【答案】laid-off workers 11中国结 【答案】Chinese knot 12白色污染 【答案】plastic pollution 13宏观调控 【答案】
14、macro-control/ macro-regulation/macroeconomic regulatory 14房地产 【答案】real estate 15酸雨 【答案】acid rain Part IV. Translate the following passage into English. (60 points) 30年来，中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，坚定 不移地推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设，中国的经济实力、综合国 力、人民生活水平都上了大台阶，中国的面貌发生了历史性变化。中国 成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济 体制、从封闭
15、半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。中国经济快速发 展，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，政治建设、文化建设、社会 建设等领域也取得了举世瞩目的发展成就。在改革开放的伟大实践中， 我们深刻认识到，在当今世界日趋激烈的竞争中，一个国家、一个民族 要发展起来，就必须与时俱进、改革开放、着力发展、以人为本、促进 和谐。 【参考译文】 In the past 30 years, resorting to Chineses indomitable initiative and the magnificent innovation practice, China has unswervingly advan
16、ced the reform and opening-up and socialist modernization. China has undergone historical changes, which are revealed in the great progress in Chinas economic power, aggregate national strength and peoples living standard. It has also successfully transferred from a highly-centralized planned economy to a vigorous socialist market economy system, from a closed and semi- closed economy to an all-around open one. This signifies a great historical transition. Owing to the fast development, C
