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1、反身代词搭配) 作者： 日期：dress oneself 自己穿衣 come to oneself 恢复知觉devote oneself 致力于 enjoy oneself 过的快活excuse oneself 为自己辩解 explain oneself 说明自己的意图feel /be oneself 觉得正常 forget oneself 忘我、失态help oneself to 随便吃、随便用make youself at home 不受约束say to oneself 心里想 seat oneself 坐下talk/speak to oneself 自言自语 teach oneself
2、自学be oneself (人)处于正常状态 by oneself 独自地; 单独地 come to oneself 苏醒过来; 醒悟过来; 恢复理性 for oneself 为自己; 代表自己; 独力地; 亲自地 in spite of oneself 不知不觉地 of oneself 独自; 自发地 speak to oneself 自言自语 dress oneself 穿衣 wash oneself 洗澡 teach oneself 自修conduct behave oneself注意行为abandon oneself to 放纵的反身代词构成固定搭配大全反身代词是指myself, ou
3、rselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself。通常有强调性用法和非强调性用法。一. 强调性用法: 反身代词用于强调时经常作主语或宾语的同位语,一般置于所强调的词的后面;但如果不影响理解,作同位语的反身代词其位置比较灵活。 反身代词用于强调时要重读。例:The manager himself served the customers.The manager served the customers himself. 经理亲自为顾客服务。I told them I wanted to see
4、 the manager himself. 我告诉他们我要见经理本人。 在but, except, like, as，for 等词之后,或作对比时,宾格和反身代词都可以用,但后者的语气更强。例:For my wife and me / myself it was a most enjoyable weekend. 对于我妻子和我(本人)来说,这是一个非常快乐的周末。She is about the same age as you / yourself. 她的年龄和你(本人)差不多。 反身代词作介词宾语或动词宾语时，有时也可起强调作用。例:He has been living by himsel
5、f since his parents died. 他父母死后,他就一直一个人生活。(by himself = alone)This matter is between ourselves(without anyone else knowing) She finished the job by herself. 她独自完成了这项工作。(by herself = without help)反身代词作表语时也可表示特殊意义。例:I am not quite myself today. 今天我身体不舒服。(=I am not feeling so well as I usually do）二.非强调
6、性用法 反身代词作动词宾语时常常是非强调性的。有些动词与反身代词成为固定搭配,请注意,汉译时“自己”多不译出。例:1.behave oneself 有礼貌;规矩 He behaves himself well.他为人很好。 Behave yourself while I am away.我不在,你要规矩点。2. enjoy oneself 过得快活 We all enjoyed ourselves in the party.我们在聚会上都玩得很痛快。3.express oneself 表达自己的意思 Can you express yourself in English? 你能用英语表达思想吗
7、? He expressed himself satisfied.他表示满意。4. present oneself 到场；present itself出现He presented himself for a checkup at the hospital.他到医院接受体格检查。When the cave door was unlocked, a sorrowful sight presented itself。山洞门一打开,就出现了一幅悲惨的景象。5. reveal itself 出现 Gradually sounds multiplied and life revealed itself.声
8、音渐渐多起来,生活又开始了。6. collect oneself 清醒过来,镇定下来 I accepted the offer before I was able to collect myself. 我还没来得及考虑一下,就接受了帮助。7. help oneself 有时“动词+反身代词”之后,还需要一定的介词。例:8.busy oneself with 忙于 He busied himself with numerous tasks around the house. 他忙于家里的许多事情。9.avail oneself of 利用 We availed ourselves of ever
9、y chance to speak English.我们利用每个机会讲英语。10.address oneself to 专心于(工作) They address themselves to the main difficulties.他们专心致志解决主要困难。11. devote oneself to 致力于;献身于 We are determined to devote ourselves to the cause of education. 我们决心为教育事业献身。有些动词接反身代词后再接that从句:12. assure oneself that. 确信 Before going to
10、bed, she assure herself that the door was locked. 她确信门已锁好才去睡觉。13. flatter oneself that . 自以为 He flattered himself that he would win the first prize. 她自以为会获得第一名。二、by onself, of oneself, for oneself, to oneself“介词+反身代词”词组在阅读中经常碰到，由于理解不够准确，常常造成阅读理解的障碍，因此，有必要加以举例说明。1. by oneself单独地，独自地 1) They made the
11、model machines all by themselves. 2) You can complete the task by yourself.2. of oneself自行地 1) The fire died of itself. 2) The baby woke up of himself all of a sudden.3. for oneself亲自，为自己 1) Do you have anying to say for yourself? 2) One cannot do such a thing for oneself.4. to oneself含有“暗自（在心中）的意思
12、，常与动词 think,say, talk, tell等连用。 1) The boy said to himself.I must study hard. 2) This dictionary is used to himself. 根据以上例句，我们可以看出：by oneself主要含义为独自，自个儿、亲自，没有别人帮助，相当于alone;of oneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的动作，常用在不及物动词之后；for oneself一般表示“为自己”的意思；to oneself则强度调“供某人独自用”和“暗自”的含义 。 英语中反身代词与不同的介词搭配，可构成意义不同的习惯用语，学习
13、者对如何选用这些习语感到困难。其实，这些习惯用语的意义往往与介词的意义有联系，一旦见多了，对每个习语所表达的意思和所使用的语境便熟悉了，用起来就不会感到困难。现将这类习惯用语分述如下：1. （all ） by oneself单独地，独自地“靠自己地”（ alone or independently）。1) They made the model machines all by themselves.2) You can complete the task by yourself.3）She did it all by herself.这件事是她独立完成的。4）The little girl w
14、rote the letter all by herself.那封信是小女孩独自写成的。5）She likes to take a walk by herself.她喜欢独自散步。6）The house stands all by itself on the hill.那所房子孤零零地耸立在山顶上。7）His father lives by himself in the village他的父亲独自一个人住在村里。8）All his friends have deserted him and he is all by himself now他所有的朋友都离弃他，现在他孤独一人。（by oneself主要含义为独自儿、亲自，没有别人帮助，相当于alone;of oneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的动作，常用在不及物动词之后）2. of oneself自行地 自发，自动，自然而然，“自然地”、“自发地”、“自动地”（of ones own accord）。1) The fire died of itself.2) The baby woke up
