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1、单元加餐练 .完形填空 Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full _1_ of the facts he observes. He doesnt accept ideas which are not _2_on obvious facts, and therefore _3_to accept authority as the only reason for truth.
2、He always checks ideas _4_ and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of _5_ science may perhaps be considered to _6_ as far back as the _7_ of Roger Bacon,the wonderful philosopher of Oxford,who lived _8_ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably thefirst in the Middle Ages to suggest that we mus
3、t learn science _9_ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself _10_ many important truths. Galileo (1564-1642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, _11_ began to show how many important _
4、12_ could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more _13_ towards the earth than small ones, _14_ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the _15_ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _16_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It
5、 was Galileos _17_ of going direct to Nature, and proving our _18_ and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science. What _19_ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know it clearly that successful scientists are those whose observations have _
6、20_ better results. 篇章导读： 本文是一篇议论文。作者通过实例阐明自己的观点： 一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人， 应该通过 观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。 1A.use Btime Cspeed Dtrust 答案：A根据语境可知， 此处是 make use of “利用，使用”这 一固定词组。 2A.relied Bbased Cinsisted Dcentered 答案： B根据该空前的 “ He doesnt accept ideas” 和后面的 “ on obvious facts” 可知，此处是be based on/upon 这个固定词组
7、，表示 “以为基础，基于 ”。 3A.refuses Bdesires Cintends Dregrets 答案： A由空格前面的 “ doesnt accept” 和“ and therefore” 可知， 此处应选 refuses ，表示 “拒绝”。 4A.casually Bcarefully Cquickly Dsecretly 答案： B结合语境 “ He always checks ideas” 和后面的 “ makes experiments to prove them ” 可知，此处表示仔细地核查那些观点。 5A.natural Bphysical Cancient Dmode
8、rn 答案： D根据下一段的最后一句话中的“ that has led to all the discoveries of modern science ” 可知，此处表示 modern science “现代 科学”的兴起。 6A.date Bkeep Clook Dcome 答案： A由下文的 “ the years 1214 and 1292 ” 可知，现代科学的 兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。 date back是一个固定词组， 意为“追溯 到”。 7A.study Btime Cyear Dbirth 答案： B结合空格后面的 “ the years 1214 and 1292 ” 可知
9、，此处 表示罗杰 培根那个时代。 time 这里指“时代，年代 ”。 8A.both Beach Cbetween Damong 答案： C根据空格后面的 “ the years 1214 and 1292 ” 可知，此处 应选 between与 and连用，表示 “在和之间”。 9A.in Bwith Con Dby 答案：D根据后面的 “ observing and experimenting on the things around us ” 可知，此处表示通过 (by)观察我们周围的事情并做实验，因 此选 by。 10A.brought Bdiscovered Ctook Dgave
10、答案： B结合空格后面的 “ many important truths” 可知，他本人 发现(discovered)了很多重要的真理。 11A.who Bwhen Cthat Dwhere 答案： A结合空格前面的 “ was the greatest of several great men ” 可知，先行词是 men，故用 who 引导定语从句。 12A.truths Bproblems Cpeople Dsubjects 答案：A由空后的 “ could be discovered by observation ” 及上文第 10 空所在句子可知，很多真理可以通过观察得到发现。trut
11、h “事实， 真理”。 13A.slowly Brapidly Clightly Dheavily 答案： B结合空格前面的“ large bodies fell more” 和后面的 “ towards the earth than small ones ” 可知，在 Galileo 之前，学者们认为 重的物体比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快，因此选rapidly “迅速 地”。 14A.although Bbecause Cwhen Dif 答案： B根据“ Aristotle said so” 的意思可知，这里表示因为 (because) 亚里士多德是这样说的。 15A.place Bfoo
12、t Ctop Dceiling 答案： C结合空格后面的 “ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _16_ stones ” 可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。 16A.big Bsmall Cequal Dunequal 答案： D由第 13 空中的关键信息 “ large bodies” 和“ small ones” 可知，此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头，因此选unequal “不相 等的”。 17A.spirit Bskill Ctheory Ddiscovery 答案：A由后面的“ of going direct to Nature”
13、 可知，此处表示探 索自然的精神 (spirit)。 18A.plans Bopinions Cworld Dability 答案： B与后面的 “ andtheories by experiment” 中的 theories呼 应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点(opinions)和理论。 19A.makes Bprevents Cconsiders Dpromises 答案： A由下文中的 “ are those whose observations have _20_ better results” 可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。 make “使变成”符合句意。 20A.
14、foreseen Brejected Cproduced Dchallenged 答案：C结合上文中所举的例子可知， 观察已经产生 (produced) 了更好的结果。 .阅读理解 A Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, and his achievement was even greater than only a few other great scientists have achieved.AnAmericanuniversity president once said that Einstein had
15、 made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity (特性)of time and space and so onbut even ordinary men now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before. By 1914 young Einstein had been world-famous
16、. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace and quietness were broken by World War . Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost intere
