《英语句子结构ppt课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语句子结构ppt课件（26页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、.,英语句子概论,基本成分 附属成分 连接成分,简单句 并列句 复合句,.,主语 不及物动词 （ S + Vi ） 主语 及物动词 宾语 ( S + Vt + O) 主语 系动词 表 (S + LV + predicative) 主语双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt +O.indir+O. dir) 主语 宾补动词 宾语 宾语补语 (S + Vt. + O + O. compl) There + be / stand/ lie / live.,简单句的五种基本句型,.,简单句的基本词序,(时间） 主语 动词部分宾语 状语 （谓语） 方式地点（时间） The taxi driver shoute
2、d at me angrily on the street last night . This morning a young girl walked confidently in the room,.,简单句的扩展成份,简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语（如定语）来扩展，及物动词或不及物动词也可以与其它短语（如状语）连用进行扩展。 I bought a rain coat with a warm lining(衬里，内层). A bright little boy with rosy cheeks put three bottles of milk quietly on my doorste
3、p before seven oclock. The young girl with long black hair seems to be very happy.,.,简单句,简单句只有一个限定动词（即只有一个主谓结构），它是最小的句子单位。主要有下列四种句型 陈述句 疑问句 祈使句 感叹句,Examples: The boy hit the dog. Does the shop close at 7 tonight? Shut the door. What a slow train this is! How slowly the train is!,.,并列句,常用并列连词coordina
4、ting conjunctions,平行并列连词: 转折并列连词： 因果并列连词: 选择并列连词:,and, bothand, as well as, not onlybut also, and then,but, however, while, yet, nevertheless,for, so , therefore, hence,or, eitheror, neither nor,.,并列句,需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。,用分号： We fished all day; we didnt catch a thing.,
5、用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didnt catch a thing.,用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didnt catch a thing.,.,Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。,He was tired, so he went to bed.,1. He was tired. He went to bed.,2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of
6、 the dog.,3. He made a promise. He didnt keep it.,He made a promise, but He didnt keep it.,The child hid behind his mothers skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.,.,由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所 构成的句子。在英语书面语中应用广泛。 主句是一个完整的句子,它可以独立存在。 从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个 主句连用，不能独立存在。 复合句可以通过把两个以上简单句连接 在一起构成,但复合句的各组成部份并非 同等重要，其中一个句子
7、由从属连词引 导（从句），用以修饰另一句子（主句）。 复合句 = 主句 + 从句,复合句,.,复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下类型从句： 1. 主语从句 2. 宾语从句 3. 表语从句 4. 定语从句 5. 状语从句 6. 同位语从句,英文写作中最常使用的从句 宾语从句 状语从句 定语从句,.,复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 +简单句,He told me,the news.,that the match had been cancelled.,宾语,that I
8、could have the money without delay.,when he was leaving for Paris.,宾语从句,.,复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 +简单句,I dont know,him.,He has finished his work,that he has finished his work. whether he has finished his work.,宾语从句,He is leaving for Washington.,when he is leaving for Washington. why he is leaving f
9、or Washington. how he is leaving for Washington.,.,复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 +简单句,the people,surprised,That,What he said where he found the baby,主语,That he didnt know the answer,in the room.,定语,who were sitting in the room. whose sons were at war. who had signed the contract.,.,复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属
10、连词 +简单句,That,is,the fact.,表 语,what he gave me. why he was late.,.,复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词 +简单句,He worked,in that factory,three years ago.,地点状语,时间状语,where his father worked,where I lived,when he lived there,His father worked there.,I lived there.,He lived there three years ago.,.,复合句与简单句：复合句 = 简单句 +
11、 从属连词 +简单句,Put the book,on the desk.,where you took it.,where it was.,地点状语,where you found it.,You cant camp,here.,where there are a lot of trees.,wherever you like.,.,指出下列各从句的类型,I believe that everything is going on well. She was reading a novel when I came in. She is the girl who sings best in my
12、class.,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,Practice,.,1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,.,用所给连词连接句子。,He has found out. She was late. (why),He has found o
13、ut why she was late.,I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when),I still remember the day when I first went to York.,将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。,Practice,He didnt come yesterday. He was ill. (原因),He didnt come yesterday because he was ill.,.,Ill give the letter to him. I see him. （时
14、间） It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （结果） Well go to the Great Wall. Its fine tomorrow. (条件) We should not go there all the time. The place is quite pleasant.(让步）,It is such a big box that nobody can move it.,Well go to the Great Wall if its fine tomorrow.,Although the place is quite pleasan
15、t, we should not go there all the time.,Ill give the letter to him when I see him. Ill give the letter to him as soon as I see him. Ill give the letter to him the moment I see him.,.,T H E E N D,.,noun adj. / adv. infinitive V-ing V-ed etc.,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,Vt,V-l,Vi,Noun / Pronoun The + adj V-ing / Clau
16、se Infinitive,Noun / Pronoun / The + adj V-ing / Clause / Infinitive,英语句子基本成分示意图,be / feel / seem / look appear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keep taste / smell etc.,noun pronoun adj. / adv. infinitive V-ing / V-ed clause etc.,.,主语 不及物动词 She came/ My head aches. 主语 及物动词 宾语 She likes English. 主语 系动词 主语补语 She is happy 主语 双宾动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 She gave John a book She bought a book for me. 主语 宾补动词 宾语 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry The teach
