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1、高考阅读理解之阅读新题型1.【2015北京卷】（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happenin
2、g around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._1_They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. 矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. _2_ Can you imagine what kind of world we would h
3、ave without such ideas and inventions?聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you
4、to slip into daydreams._ 3_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。Its also important to
5、 know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._4_彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away._5_謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔。Always rem
6、ember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚。A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.茕桢广鳓鯡选块网羈泪。B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.鹅娅尽損鹌惨歷茏鴛賴。C. Without wandering minds, we wouldnt have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.籟
7、丛妈羥为贍偾蛏练淨。D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.預頌圣鉉儐歲龈讶骅籴。E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.渗釤呛俨匀谔鱉调硯錦。F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard
8、to understand.铙誅卧泻噦圣骋贶頂廡。G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.擁締凤袜备訊顎轮烂蔷。【考点定位】生活类短文阅读【名师点睛】本文是七选五常考的建议类说明文，第1、2自然段为概念的提出及导入，第3段明确了下文的内容：如何在“白日做梦”中趋利避害。文章结构清晰，干扰选项较易排除，整体难度不大，文章的主题“如何培养创新的想法”，除了理解整篇文章及选项外还要注意文章中的副词，代词，逻辑连接词以及特殊概念名词
9、的出现。文章结构清晰，可读性强，提示词明显。因此，日常练习中要侧重以抓住文章结构及段落主旨为主，兼顾辨析选项，尤其是根据核心词排除干扰项的做题技巧。学生需要遵循先易后难的原则，来提高正确率。贓熱俣阃歲匱阊邺镓騷。2.【2015江苏】任务型阅读 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分) 请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Fre
10、ud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.坛摶乡囂忏蒌鍥铃氈淚。In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, ac
11、cidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health.蜡變黲癟報伥铉锚鈰赘。News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience withou
12、t any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.買鲷鴯譖昙膚遙闫撷凄。News of the second kind, however, pays its
13、rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the r
14、eader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream w
15、orld.綾镝鯛駕櫬鹕踪韦辚糴。For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next wee
16、k. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an indivi
