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1、Update: Severe Respiratory Illness Associated With a Novel CoronavirusWorldwide, 20122013 March 15, 2013/62(10);194195 On March 7, 2013, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (http:/www.cdc. gov/mmwr). CDC continues to work closely with the World Health Organization (WH
2、O) and other partners to better under- stand the public health risk posed by a novel coronavirus that was fi rst reported to cause human infection in September 2012 (13). Genetic sequence analyses have shownthatthisnewvirusisdifferentfromanyotherknown humancoronaviruses,includingtheonethatcausedseve
3、re acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (2). As of March 7, 2013, a total of 14 confi rmed cases of novel coronavirus infectionhavebeenreportedtoWHO,witheightdeaths(4). Illness onsets have occurred from April 2012 through February 2013 (4,5). To date, no cases have been reported in the United States. T
4、hree of the confi rmed cases of novel coronavirus infection were identifi ed in the United Kingdom (UK) as part of a cluster within one family (6). The index patient in the cluster, a man aged 60 years with a history of recent travel to Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, developed respiratory illness on Jan
5、uary 24, 2013, before returning to the UK on January 28 (5,7,8). He was hospitalized on January 31 with severe lower respiratory tract disease and has been receiving intensive care (5,7,8). Respiratory specimens from this patient taken on February 1 tested positive for infl uenza A (H1N1) virus and
6、for novel coronavirus infection (8). The second patient was an adult male household member withan underlying medical conditionwho became ill on February 6, after contact with the index patient, and received intensive treatment but died with severe respira- tory disease (5,9). This patients underlyin
7、g illness might have made him more susceptible to severe respiratory infection. The third patient is an adult female who developed a respiratory illness on February 5, following contact with the index patient after he was hospitalized (5,10).Shedidnotrequirehospitalizationandhadrecovered by February
8、 19 (5,6). Only the index patient had traveled recently outside the UK. Based on their ongoing investiga- tion of this cluster of illnesses, the UK Health Protection Agency has concluded that person-to-person transmission likely occurred in the UK within this family (6). This recent cluster provides
9、 the fi rst clear evidence of human-to-human transmission of this novel coronavirus, coinfection ofthisnovel coronaviruswithanotherpathogen (infl uenza A), and a case of mild illness associated with this novel coronavirus infection. In light of these developments, updatedguidance hasbeen postedon th
10、e CDC coronavirus website(http:/www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/ncv).Persons who develop severe acute lower respiratory illness within 10 days after traveling from the Arabian Peninsula or neighboring countries*should continue to be evaluated according to current guidelines. Persons whose respiratory illnes
11、s remains unexplained and who meet criteria for patient under investigation should be reported immedi- ately to CDC through state and local health departments. Personswhodevelopsevereacutelowerrespiratoryillness of known etiology within 10 days after traveling from the Arabian Peninsula or neighbori
12、ng countries but who do not respond to appropriate therapy may be considered for evaluation for novel coronavirus infection. In addition, personswhodevelopsevereacutelowerrespiratoryillness who are close contacts y of a symptomatic traveler who developedfeverandacuterespiratoryillnesswithin10days of
13、 traveling from the Arabian Peninsula or neighboring countries may be considered for evaluation for novel coronavirus infection. Testing of specimens for the novel coronavirus will be conducted at CDC. Recommendations and guidance on case defi nitions, infection control (including use of personal pr
14、otective equipment), case investigation and specimen collection and shipment for testing, are available at the CDC coronavirus website. Additional information and potentially frequent updates will be posted on the CDC coronavirus website.Stateandlocalhealthdepartmentswithquestions should contact the
15、 CDC Emergency Operations Center (770-488-7100). *Countries considered to be on or neighboring the Arabian Peninsula include Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestinian Territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen. y Defi nedas (1)anyperson
16、whoprovided careforthepatient, includinga health-care worker or family member, or who had other similarly close physical contact or (2) any person who stayed at the same place (e.g. lived with or visited) as the patient while the patient was ill. 1606No claim to original US government works Journal compilation? C2013 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons References 1.Danielsson N, Team EIR, Catchpole M. Novel corona- virus associated with seve
