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1、基于基于 PLC 的铜材成型机水平牵引电控系统的设计的铜材成型机水平牵引电控系统的设计 摘摘 要要 本文研究的是基于高效、低耗的铜材加工新技术和新工艺,开发出自动、可靠的 控制系统基于 PLC 的铜材水平牵引变频调速控制系统。本课题主要研制铜材连铸水 平牵引机的监控系统,使铜型材在结晶器中的阻力减小,铜型材在结晶过程中晶粒细 化,从而提高成材率。本文采用变频电机实现拉、停、反推来取代炉振、打链、棘轮 或继电器方式,做到工艺既简单且准确。采用 PLC 编程控制牵引电机的正转、停止、 反转、停止,同时通过控制这四种状态的时间来实现牵引电机四节拍动作。并可以在 线改变铸造速度、改变牵引频率和节距,从
2、而提高成材率、降低生产成本。 本文首先介绍了课题设计的任务。然后根据任务要求,对监控系统的主要硬件做 了选型,尤其是对 PLC 型号的选择。接着,本文对 PLC 的自动运行、单行程运行、手 动运行的控制程序做了具体的设计, 分析了在设备运行中引锭机构牵拉停牵反推停推四节拍的独特流程,并在 此基础上设计出可以在线优化工艺参数的由 PLC、VVVF 和变频调速异步电动机组成 的引锭机构驱动控制系统,实现了连铸工艺的优质、稳定和可靠运行,针对设计中的 几个键问题提供了理论上的说明,有助于国内铜型材水平连铸产业的技术更新和发展。 关键词关键词:变频器;PLC;变频调速;VVVF The Design
3、of Level Electrical Traction of Copper Molding Machine Control System Based on PLC Abstract The research of this paper based on efficient and Low consumption new technology of Copper processing,exploit Reliably Auto control system-Design of Level Electrical Traction of Copper Molding Machine Control
4、 System Based on PLC. The paper introduce frequency variation Motor replace Furnace vibration Hit chain、Ratchet or Relay with Draught、Stop and Reverse thrust. Achieve simple and accurate technology. Use DSP control Draught Motor to Rotation、Stop、Reverse at and stop,at the same time,we achieve the Mo
5、tor four Beats by control the time of the four Status. And increase yield、reduce cost by change speed of foundry, frequency and pitch of draught on line. This paper first introduces the subject of the task of designing. Then, according to the mission requirements, we will do the monitoring system ha
6、rdware selection, especially the choice of the PLC model. Then, we make the designs on the PLC automatically operation, single stroke operation, manual controlling of programs, Analyzes the four-step unique process of draught-stop-push-stop in device function of traction machine. Based on the proces
7、s, the traction machine drive control system was designed in which craftwork parameters can be completed on-line, completed by the sin- gl,chip computer controller, VVVF and frequency altering speed variation asynchronous motor. The system prossesses high quality,stable and reliable function of succ
8、essive foundry craftwork. The theoretical illumination to some key problems in d,-signing was supplied, which is helpful to the development of domestic horizontal successive foundry industry. Keywords: inverter; PLC; frequency control of motor speed; VVVF 目 录 引 言.1 第 1 章 绪论.2 1.1 铜材加工现状 .2 1.2 铜材牵引机
9、控制系统的现实意义和价值 .2 1.3 本课题的主要研究内容 .2 第 2 章 系统方案的设计.4 2.1 总体设计框图 .4 2.2 核心控制器的比较与选择 .7 2.3 调速方案多种实现方法的比较与确定 .8 2.4 异步电机选型 .9 2.5 变频器选型 .10 第 3 章 硬件设计.13 3.1 PLC 的选择.13 3.1.1 外部 I/O 设备指令.15 3.1.2 I/O 地址分配.17 3.2 显示单元的设计 .18 3.3 变频器与电机通信连接.19 3.3.1 控制回路端子说明.20 3.4 变频器与 PLC 通信连接.20 3.5 变频器防干扰措施 .21 第 4 章 系统的软件设计.23 4.1 自动运行程序设计.